“…The high-yielding semidwarf indica and japonicaindica hybrid rice cultivars bred from 1960s to 1970s in IRRI, China, Korea, etc., which have larger number of spikelets and higher adaptability to heavy manuring, owing to their short culm, produce a higher yield compared with conventional Japanese rice cultivars (Komatsu et al, 1984;Takeda et al, 1984;Higashi, 1988;Saitoh et al, 1991Saitoh et al, , 1993Yamamoto et al, 1991;Kusutani et al, 1993;Katsura et al 2008). Moreover, the rice breeders in IRRI proposed the first-generation new plant type (NPT) that possess fewer panicles hill -1 and larger number of spikelets panicle -1 (Khush, 1995) and the second-generation NPT obtained by crossing the first-generation NPT lines with elite indica parents (Peng et al, 2004(Peng et al, , 2008Yang et al, 2007).…”