The Hexactinellid Deep-Water Sponge Vazella pourtalesii (Schmidt, 1870) (Rossellidae) Copes With Temporarily Elevated Concentrations of Suspended Natural Sediment

Wurz, Erik; Beazley, Lindsay; MacDonald, Barry; Kenchington, Ellen; Rapp, Hans Tore; Osinga, Ronald

doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.611539

“…Similar low levels of necrosis have been reported in control sponges from other experiments where sponges were collected by divers (e.g. or by ROV (Wurz et al, 2021).…”

Section: Survival and Healthsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Similar low levels of necrosis have been reported in control sponges from other experiments where sponges were collected by divers (e.g. or by ROV (Wurz et al, 2021). The remaining four sponges exhibiting necrosis were from the 78 mg l − 1 (1 sponge) or 475 mg l − 1 (3 sponges) SSC treatments.…”

Section: Survival and Healthsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Survival was high, with one death occurring in the highest SSC treatment (500 mg l −1 ) after two weeks of sediment exposure. High survival rates have also been found in a shallow water New Zealand sponge exposed to elevated concentrations of natural sediment (up to 830 mg l −1 for 4 weeks; Chapter 2) and for Vazella pourtalesii over a three week period (Wurz et al, 2021). In contrast, found elevated mortality rates (90%) on a tropical shallow-water sponge exposed to 100 mg l −1 SSC, and low mortality rates at much lower SSCs (10 and 30 mg l −1 ).…”

Section: Survival and Healthmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…To date, most sedimentation impact studies have been on shallowwater species (e.g. , with only four deep-sea studies we are aware of globally, three of which are on sponges belonging to the genus Geodia and one on Vazella pourtalesii (Wurz et al, 2021). However, sponges are common in the deep seas around New Zealand , including areas that are subject to bottom trawl and longline fisheries (Fisheries New Zealand, 2020), as well as in certain regions of interest for seabed minerals .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sediment impacts on sponges and a deep-sea coral in New Zealand

Mobilia¹

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Increased levels of suspended sediment in the water column are important factors contributing to the degradation of marine ecosystems worldwide. In coastal waters, temporal variation in suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) occurs naturally due to seasonal and oceanographic processes. However, there is evidence that anthropogenic activities are increasing sediment concentrations. The volume of sediment moving from land-based sources into coastal ecosystems and human activities in the ocean disturbing the seafloor, such as dredging and bottom-contact fisheries, have been increasing over the last century. In addition, offshore activities, particularly bottom-contact fishing and potential deep-sea mining, can create sediment plumes in the deep-sea that may extend over long distances. Elevated suspended sediment concentrations have detrimental effects on benthic communities, particularly for suspension feeders like sponges and corals. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of increased SSCs that might arise from heavy anthropogenic disturbance on common shallow water and deep-sea sponges and a deep-sea coral in New Zealand, as these groups contribute to habitat structure in some benthic environments, including the deep sea.

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“…, some have shown decreases (e. g. , while other remained largely unaffected (e.g. Wurz et al, 2021). The effects depend on both the sediment concentration and sediment properties (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sediment impacts on sponges and a deep-sea coral in New Zealand

Mobilia¹

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increased levels of suspended sediment in the water column are important factors contributing to the degradation of marine ecosystems worldwide. In coastal waters, temporal variation in suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) occurs naturally due to seasonal and oceanographic processes. However, there is evidence that anthropogenic activities are increasing sediment concentrations. The volume of sediment moving from land-based sources into coastal ecosystems and human activities in the ocean disturbing the seafloor, such as dredging and bottom-contact fisheries, have been increasing over the last century. In addition, offshore activities, particularly bottom-contact fishing and potential deep-sea mining, can create sediment plumes in the deep-sea that may extend over long distances. Elevated suspended sediment concentrations have detrimental effects on benthic communities, particularly for suspension feeders like sponges and corals. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of increased SSCs that might arise from heavy anthropogenic disturbance on common shallow water and deep-sea sponges and a deep-sea coral in New Zealand, as these groups contribute to habitat structure in some benthic environments, including the deep sea.

show abstract