The Health of Traditional Societies and the Effects of Acculturation [and Comments and Replies]

Epidemiology of high blood pressure among the Kaingang people on the Xapecó Indigenous Land in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, 2013

“…Such changes affect indigenous subsistence systems and lead to nutritional deficiencies and impoverishment 6,7 . The decrease in traditional hunting and fishing and the introduction of a monetary economy and paid work often result in lower levels of physical activity and increased access to Western foods, especially industrialized products 8 . The latter are associated with a monotonous diet, rich in carbohydrates and poor in protein, vitamins, and minerals, combining with other factors to cause NCDs in traditional societies in the world 8 .…”

“…The decrease in traditional hunting and fishing and the introduction of a monetary economy and paid work often result in lower levels of physical activity and increased access to Western foods, especially industrialized products 8 . The latter are associated with a monotonous diet, rich in carbohydrates and poor in protein, vitamins, and minerals, combining with other factors to cause NCDs in traditional societies in the world 8 . Contact with non-indigenous populations has thus played a significant role in the emergence and expansion of NCDs among indigenous peoples 8 .…”

“…The latter are associated with a monotonous diet, rich in carbohydrates and poor in protein, vitamins, and minerals, combining with other factors to cause NCDs in traditional societies in the world 8 . Contact with non-indigenous populations has thus played a significant role in the emergence and expansion of NCDs among indigenous peoples 8 .…”

Factors Associated with the Presence of Teeth in the Adult and Elderly Xukuru Indigenous Population in Ororubá, 2010

“…Although in distinct and involving other human, social, economic and environmental factors timescale, contemporary indigenous groups, once in contact with national societies also experience socio-economic and ecological changes with strong potential to change oral health conditions [10,44].…”

Animal helminths in human archaeological remains: a review of zoonoses in the past

“…Such changes have influenced the epidemiological profile of these groups, which have obtained easy access to antihelminthic drugs through indigenous health agents 120 , often administered without any control. In addition, geographical restrictions imposed by territorial demarcation and transformation of semi-nomadic into sedentary behavior in the majority of the South American indigenous groups have contributed to fixing large groups, resulting in villages with high population densities and precarious sanitation, facilitating the transmission of specific human parasites that compete with those of animal origin 28,29,134 . Such data are provided by the publications by VIEIRA 128 and SILVA 120 , both on intestinal parasitosis in Brazilian indigenous populations.…”