“…However, as an aspect of the social environment of ageing, living alone requires a better understanding as the health outcomes of those living alone can be poorer (Chen and While, 2019, Koivunen et al, 2020;Teguo et al, 2016). It also is a key component of the 'Ageing-in-place' approach adopted by many governments which aims to support people to live in their own homes in later life (Forward et al, 2020;Khan et al, 2018;Sixsmith et al, 2014). Living alone does not predict poorer health and wellbeing outcomes for all (Shim et al, 2021), and gender is one factor which has been shown to in uence the experience of later life and health and wellbeing outcomes (Matsuura & Ma, 2022).…”