2020
DOI: 10.3390/su12083104
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The Hawaiian Islands: Conceptualizing an Industrial Ecology Holarchic System

Abstract: The Hawaiian Islands form a holarchic system with at least five nested layers (holons) at increasing spatial scales: from a single enterprise to cities, to individual islands, to the archipelago (the group of islands), and to the global resource base that connects them all. Each holonic layer operates individually but is also linked to holons at lower and higher levels by material input and output flows. An integrated study of the holarchic system allows us to explore the value of applying this concept to indu… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…A more recent study introduced the concept of a holarchic system for Hawaiʻi by using a material and energy flow analysis. It focused https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol28/iss1/art9/ on the metabolic linkages between interacting systems, and the proposed approach provides a basis for discovering material, energy, and societal connections (Chertow et al 2020). These examples show the manifold challenges high islands are facing, and how the study of local conditions and solutions can bridge the gap toward sustainable development.…”
Section: Islands As Model Systems For Studying the Circular Economymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A more recent study introduced the concept of a holarchic system for Hawaiʻi by using a material and energy flow analysis. It focused https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol28/iss1/art9/ on the metabolic linkages between interacting systems, and the proposed approach provides a basis for discovering material, energy, and societal connections (Chertow et al 2020). These examples show the manifold challenges high islands are facing, and how the study of local conditions and solutions can bridge the gap toward sustainable development.…”
Section: Islands As Model Systems For Studying the Circular Economymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The entropy value of the primary component factor is calculated by Equation (6). The utility value of each indicator is computed by Equation (7). Thus, five main components are obtained by Equation (8).…”
Section: Calculation Model Of the System Coordination Degreementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lowenthal (1998) pointed out that applying the principles of natural ecology in industrial research can improve people's understanding of industrial systems [6]. Since the 1990s, developed countries have gradually formed a relatively complete industrial ecological market mechanism, and the research field has expanded from theoretical research of concepts and technology to applied research on the economy, systems, and management [7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Islands have “methodological utility” (Chertow et al 2020 ). With relatively well-defined boundaries, naturally and socially, they can be “real-world laboratories” (Schäpke et al 2018 )—an approach that is gaining momentum in addressing complex societal problems.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An early MFA was for Trinket Island (India) (Singh et al 2001 ; Singh and Grünbühel 2003 ), the same case later compared to the rise in material and energy consumption caused by excessive aid following the 2004 Asian tsunami (Singh and Haas 2016 ; Fetzel et al 2018 ). Other notable “flow” studies on islands are Cuba (Eisenhut 2009 ), Iceland, Trinidad and Tobago (Krausmann et al 2014 ), Malta (Conrad and Cassar 2014 ), the Philippines (Martinico-Perez et al 2018 ), Hawaii (Chertow et al 2020 ), New Caledonia (Bahers et al 2020 ), and more recently, an investigation of long-term biomass flows in the Caribbean (Rahman et al 2022 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%