The gut wall’s potential as a partner for precision oncology in immune checkpoint treatment

Lopez, Sara Hone; Jalving, Mathilde; Fehrmann, Rudolf S.N.; Nagengast, Wouter B.; Vries, Elisabeth G.E. de; Haan, Jacco J. de

doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102406

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Through the gut wall where immune cells are located, the gut microbiota interacts with the immune system, which allows it to affect gut immunity as well as immune responses in distal mucosal sites via circulation and systemic metabolism [ 37 ]. Antitumor therapies like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy can damage the integrity of the physical gut epithelial barrier, causing translocation or accumulation of specific microbiota, which leads to alteration in the constitution of the commensal microbiota.…”

Section: Impact Of the Gut Microbiota On Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota reshapes cancer immunotherapy efficacy: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Xie,

Liu,

Deng

et al. 2024

iMeta

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Gut microbiota is essential for maintaining local and systemic immune homeostasis in the presence of bacterial challenges. It has been demonstrated that microbiota play contrasting roles in cancer development as well as anticancer immunity. Cancer immunotherapy, a novel anticancer therapy that relies on the stimulation of host immunity, has suffered from a low responding rate and incidence of severe immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Previous studies have demonstrated that the diversity and composition of gut microbiota were associated with the heterogeneity of therapeutic effects. Therefore, alteration in microbiota taxa can lead to improved clinical outcomes in immunotherapy. In this review, we determine whether microbiota composition or microbiota‐derived metabolites are linked to responses to immunotherapy and irAEs. Moreover, we discuss various approaches to improve immunotherapy efficacy or reduce toxicities by modulating microbiota composition.

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Section: Impact Of the Gut Microbiota On Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota reshapes cancer immunotherapy efficacy: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Xie,

Liu,

Deng

et al. 2024

iMeta

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“…The gut is the primary site of interaction between the host and the external environment and houses more than 70% of the immune cells in the body [15]. The gut microbiota interacts with the immune system in other parts of the body via the intestinal wall [16]. The immune system is involved in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier in a variety of ways.…”

Section: The Gut Barrier and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IL-22, for example, regulates intestinal barrier function by inducing phospho-Stat3 binding to the Il-18 gene promoter and through a mechanism independent of IL-18 [21]. The intensity and duration of the anticancer immune response to ICIs are highly dependent on the gut microbiota and adequate baseline intestinal epithelium functions [16,22]. Notably, the effect of the intestinal barrier on the ICI response is less well understood, and interventions to adjust the intestinal wall to favour the ICI response may improve the prognosis of patients [16].…”

Section: The Gut Barrier and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity and duration of the anticancer immune response to ICIs are highly dependent on the gut microbiota and adequate baseline intestinal epithelium functions [16,22]. Notably, the effect of the intestinal barrier on the ICI response is less well understood, and interventions to adjust the intestinal wall to favour the ICI response may improve the prognosis of patients [16]. Taken together, as the host's first line of defence against commensal and pathogenic bacteria, a good appreciation of the gut barrier will further our understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in antitumour immunity and immunotherapy.…”

Section: The Gut Barrier and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential mechanisms of action of the gut microbiota in antitumour immunity and immunotherapy

Yin,

Ni,

Ying

2024

Preprint

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The gut microbiota significantly impacts antitumour immunity and alters the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapies, notably inhibitors of immune checkpoints that target programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4)， have profoundly changed the way advanced and metastatic cancer is treated and dramatically improved overall and progression-free survival. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota affects antitumour immunity and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy remain elusive. In this review, we summarize the latest knowledge supporting the associations among the gut microbiota, antitumour immunity, and immunotherapy. The potential molecular mechanisms underlying these associations are explained in terms of four aspects.

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“…17 The gut microbiota interacts with the immune system in other parts of the body via the intestinal wall. 18 The immune system is involved in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier in a variety of ways. For example, a specific self-sustaining macrophage that strictly localizes to blood vessels can form a tight anatomical barrier and may protect against bacterial translocation.…”

Section: The Gut Barrier and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential mechanisms and targeting strategies of the gut microbiota in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy

Yin,

Ni,

Ying

2024

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundImmunotherapies, notably immune checkpoints inhibitors that target programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1(PD‐1/PD‐L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (CTLA‐4), had profoundly changed the way advanced and metastatic cancers are treated and dramatically improved overall and progression‐free survival.AimsThis review article aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota affects antitumor immunity and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.MethodsWe summarized the latest knowledge supporting the associations among the gut microbiota, antitumor immunity, and immunotherapy. Moreover, we disscussed the therapeutic strategy for improving immunotherapy efficacy by modulating gut microbiota in cancer treatment.ResultsThe potential molecular mechanisms underlying these associations are explained in terms of four aspects: immunomodulation, molecular mimicry, mamps, and microbial metabolites.ConclusionThe gut microbiota significantly impacts antitumor immunity and alters the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.

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The gut wall’s potential as a partner for precision oncology in immune checkpoint treatment

Cited by 4 publications

References 86 publications

Gut microbiota reshapes cancer immunotherapy efficacy: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Gut microbiota reshapes cancer immunotherapy efficacy: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Potential mechanisms of action of the gut microbiota in antitumour immunity and immunotherapy

Potential mechanisms and targeting strategies of the gut microbiota in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy

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