The gut microbiota: A treasure for human health

Li, Daotong; Wang, Pan; Wang, Pengpu; Hu, Xiaosong; Chen, Fang

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.08.003

Cited by 167 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been associated with the development and progression of many human diseases. The ratio of some microbiota species are greater in obese, rather than in lean, individuals [159,160]. Noni, and its juice, exhibit antimicrobial properties and high antioxidant activity, which would be beneficial for a healthy intestinal microbiota [161,162].…”

Section: Effects Of Bioactive Compounds From the Morinda Citrifolimentioning

confidence: 99%

Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) and Its Potential in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction

et al. 2017

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Cultural and economic shifts in the early 19th century led to the rapid development of companies that made good profits from technologically-produced commodities. In this way, some habits changed in society, such as the overconsumption of processed and micronutrient-poor foods and devices that gave rise to a sedentary lifestyle. These factors influenced host-microbiome interactions which, in turn, mediated the etiopathogenesis of “new-era” disorders and diseases, which are closely related, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, and inflammatory bowel disease, which are characterized by chronic dysregulation of metabolic and immune processes. These pathological conditions require novel and effective therapeutic approaches. Morinda citrifolia (noni) is well known as a traditional healing plant due to its medicinal properties. Thus, many studies have been conducted to understand its bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action. However, in obesity and obesity-related metabolic (dysfunction) syndrome, other studies are necessary to better elucidate noni’s mechanisms of action, mainly due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of obesity and its metabolic dysfunction. In this review, we summarize not only the clinical effects, but also important cell signaling pathways in in vivo and in vitro assays of potent bioactive compounds present in the noni plant which have been reported in studies of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction.

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Section: Effects Of Bioactive Compounds From the Morinda Citrifolimentioning

confidence: 99%

Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) and Its Potential in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction

et al. 2017

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“…There is a growing interest in the potential contributions of intestinal microbiota, particularly among the intestinal bacterial population, in human health and/or disease [1]. There is tremendous diversity among individuals’ intestinal microbiota with respect to the composition of specific bacterial species and the density (number) of bacteria that are present for each of these bacterial species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective roles of intestinal microbiota derived short chain fatty acids in Alzheimer’s disease-type beta-amyloid neuropathological mechanisms

Ono

Tsuji

et al. 2017

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

258

181

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Background Dietary fibers are metabolized by gastrointestinal (GI) bacteria into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We investigated the potential role of these SCFAs in β-amyloid (Aß) mediated pathological processes that play key roles in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Research design and methods Multiple complementary assays were used to investigate individual SCFAs for their dose-responsive effects in interfering with the assembly of Aß1-40 and Aß1-42 peptides into soluble neurotoxic Aß aggregates. Results We found that several select SCFAs are capable of potently inhibiting Aß aggregations, in vitro. Conclusion Our studies support the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota may help protect against AD, in part, by supporting the generation of select SCFAs, which interfere with the formation of toxic soluble Aß aggregates.

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“…Some commensal bacteria can metabolize the O-linked glycans that attach itself to Muc2, which forms thicker mucin layer, and some bacteria like Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG encodes a mucus-binding pili protein or surface capsular polysaccharides adhering to the human intestinal mucus, thus competing and excluding exogenous organisms [14,15]. As for nutrients competition [16,17], various complex carbohydrates rich in human diet are metabolized by gut microbiota encoding broad appropriate hydrolytic enzymes, specifically Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which can utilize fructo-oligosaccharides, β-galactooligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharides, and xylo-oligosaccharides as prebiotic for nutrients competition to drive their expansion and alter microbiota composition [18,19].…”

Section: Microbiome Colonization Resistance and Role In Intestinal Epmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Local Defender and Functional Mediator: Gut Microbiome

Yang¹,

Duan²

2018

Digestion

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Background: The gut microbiome has been developing and making adaption all the time, which is consistent with their host from the initial colonization at birth or earlier. Emerging evidence is showing that dysbiosis is involved in various diseases associated with immune, metabolism, infection, nervous system, social behaviors, and psychopathology, etc., maybe via modulating gut barrier, microbiome-gut-brain axis, or some metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Summary: In the review, we will conclude the recent researches related to the influence of microbiome on local structure, function, regulation, metabolism of gut, and systematic modulation to the host, as well as some affective factors such as diet or antibiotics. Key Messages: It is a reasonable hypothesis that the balance of bioactive factors or cells and the opposites such as the regulatory T/helper T17 balance and interleukin (IL)-10/IL-17 balance plays a vital role in homeostasis of immunity system. Meanwhile, the link between gut microbiome and immune system via microbiota-derived metabolite SCFAs involved in multi-function of the host locally and systematically has been revealed. We hope to contribute to the microbiome-targeted treatment and prevention of some diseases.

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The gut microbiota: A treasure for human health

Cited by 167 publications

References 233 publications

Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) and Its Potential in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction

Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Noni) and Its Potential in Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction

Protective roles of intestinal microbiota derived short chain fatty acids in Alzheimer’s disease-type beta-amyloid neuropathological mechanisms

The Local Defender and Functional Mediator: Gut Microbiome

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