The Local Defender and Functional Mediator: Gut Microbiome

Yang, Hang; Duan, Zhijun

doi:10.1159/000484687

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Increasing evidences showed some metabolic products of gut microbiota could enter the bloodstream and exert important influences on the physiology and behavior of the hosts. [25][26][27] Next, we explored the host metabolic profile in the same samples as that of metagenomics analysis which include 30 C-ASD and TD through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and examined the relationship between microbiota and metabolites. The fecal samples from distinct groups were largely separated according to the Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) ( Figure 5(a-d)), suggesting a dissimilar metabolic mode.…”

Section: Metabolomics Analysis Revealed Aberrant Metabolic Patterns Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gut microbial profile is associated with abnormal metabolism activity of Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2020

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. To enhance the understanding of the gut microbiota structure in ASD children at different ages as well as the relationship between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, we first used the 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the gut microbial population in a cohort of 143 children aged 2-13 years old. We found that the α-diversity of ASD group showed no significant change with age, while the TD group showed increased α-diversity with age, which indicates that the compositional development of the gut microbiota in ASD varies at different ages in ways that are not consistent with TD group. Recent studies have shown that chronic constipation is one of the most commonly obvious gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms along with ASD core symptoms. To further investigate the potential interaction effects between ASD and GI symptoms, the 30 C-ASD and their aged-matched TD were picked out to perform metagenomics analysis. We observed that C-ASD group displayed decreased diversity, depletion of species of Sutterella, Prevotella, and Bacteroides as well as dysregulation of associated metabolism activities, which may involve in the pathogenesis of C-ASD. Consistent with metagenomic analysis, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/ MS) revealed some of the differential metabolites between C-ASD and TD group were involved in the metabolic network of neurotransmitters including serotonin, dopamine, histidine, and GABA. Furthermore, we found these differences in metabolites were associated with altered abundance of specific bacteria. The study suggested possible future modalities for ASD intervention through targeting the specific bacteria associated with neurotransmitter metabolism.

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Section: Metabolomics Analysis Revealed Aberrant Metabolic Patterns Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gut microbial profile is associated with abnormal metabolism activity of Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2020

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“…SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) promote recruitment as well as maturation of immune cells which provide protection against inflammatory response (Vinolo et al, 2011 ). They influence host metabolic activities by serving as a link between dietary fiber, commensal microbes and host (Ha et al, 2014 ; Kasubuchi et al, 2015 ; Yang and Duan, 2018 ). SCFAs produced in the gut are distributed systemically and are either utilized to provide energy or as signaling molecules (Morrison and Preston, 2016 ).…”

Section: Roles Of Short Chain Fatty Acids (Scfas) Produced By Gut Micmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Microbiota and Gut-Lung Connection

2018

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The gut microbial community (Gut microbiota) is known to impact metabolic functions as well as immune responses in our body. Diet plays an important role in determining the composition of the gut microbiota. Gut microbes help in assimilating dietary nutrients which are indigestible by humans. The metabolites produced by them not only modulate gastro-intestinal immunity, but also impact distal organs like lung and brain. Micro-aspiration of gut bacteria or movement of sensitized immune cells through lymph or bloodstream can also influence immune response of other organs. Dysbiosis in gut microbiota has been implicated in several lung diseases, including allergy, asthma and cystic fibrosis. The bi-directional cross-talk between gut and lung (termed as Gut-Lung axis) is best exemplified by intestinal disturbances observed in lung diseases. Some of the existing probiotics show beneficial effects on lung health. A deeper understanding of the gut microbiome which comprises of all the genetic material within the gut microbiota and its role in respiratory disorders is likely to help in designing appropriate probiotic cocktails for therapeutic applications.

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“…The gut microbiome has been increasingly implicated in disrupting health and behavior [10][11][12][13][14]. Recent molecular studies discovered that the taxonomic composition of human intestines is host specific [15,16], relatively stable over a time [16,17], and linked to many human diseases [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of antibiotics on the gut microbiome: a metagenomics analysis of microbial shift and gut antibiotic resistance in antibiotic treated mice

Surathu

Raplee

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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Background: Emergence of antibiotic resistance is a global public health concern. The relationships between antibiotic use, the gut community composition, normal physiology and metabolism, and individual and public health are still being defined. Shifts in composition of bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) after antibiotic treatment are not well-understood. Methods: This project used next-generation sequencing, custom-built metagenomics pipeline and differential abundance analysis to study the effect of antibiotic monotherapy on resistome and taxonomic composition in the gut of Balb/c mice infected with E. coli via transurethral catheterization to investigate the evolution and emergence of antibiotic resistance. Results: There is a longitudinal decrease of gut microbiota diversity after antibiotic treatment. Various ARGs are enriched within the gut microbiota despite an overall reduction of the diversity and total amount of bacteria after antibiotic treatment. Sometimes treatment with a specific class of antibiotics selected for ARGs that resist antibiotics of a completely different class (e.g. treatment of ciprofloxacin or fosfomycin selected for cepA that resists ampicillin). Relative abundance of some MGEs increased substantially after antibiotic treatment (e.g. transposases in the ciprofloxacin group). Conclusions: Antibiotic treatment caused a remarkable reduction in diversity of gut bacterial microbiota but enrichment of certain types of ARGs and MGEs. These results demonstrate an emergence of cross-resistance as well as a profound change in the gut resistome following oral treatment of antibiotics.

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The Local Defender and Functional Mediator: Gut Microbiome

Cited by 27 publications

References 101 publications

Altered gut microbial profile is associated with abnormal metabolism activity of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Altered gut microbial profile is associated with abnormal metabolism activity of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Diet, Microbiota and Gut-Lung Connection

The effect of antibiotics on the gut microbiome: a metagenomics analysis of microbial shift and gut antibiotic resistance in antibiotic treated mice

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