The growth of partitioned pearlite in Fe–C–Mn steels

Hutchinson, Christopher; Hackenberg, Robert E.; Shiflet, G. J.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2004.04.010

Cited by 58 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The point of intersection of the carbon iso-activity line with the phase boundaries of g/g + q and g/g + a gives the interfacial compositions of Mn in austenite in equilibrium with ferrite and cementite. The tie-line corresponding to these points should then give the quantities c It is found that the iso-activity line passing through the point Fe-0.8C-1.0Mn wt% never intersects the g/g + q phase boundary, as has been observed in previous work for a series of Fe-Mn-C hypo-eutectoid steels (Hutchinson et al 2004). The strict PLE condition is therefore impossible to achieve.…”

Section: Local Equilibrium In Ternary Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was demonstrated that the rate of growth at low temperatures could be explained equally well by carbon volume diffusion or interfacial diffusion of chromium; there is of course, no logical reason to assume that the flux of carbon should be confined to the volume without a contribution through the interface. Hutchinson et al (2004) studied the partitioning behaviour of steels containing 3.5 wt% Mn and observed that it partitioned significantly during transformation at 625…”

Section: (A) Data On Partitioning Of Substitutional Solutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in ternary steels

Pandit

Bhadeshia

2011

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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A theory for the diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in steels containing manganese is presented and assessed in the light of experimental data. Given the overwhelmingly rapid diffusivity that a substitutional solute has within the transformation front, the growth rate is found to be dominated by diffusion parallel to the interface with austenite as the rate controlling step. The relevant interfacial diffusion parameters have been derived by fitting experimental data to kinetic theory. All reported measurements of pearlite growth where the full set of necessary parameters have been listed, are shown to be inconsistent with mechanisms that do not involve the partitioning of substitutional solutes. The method adopted here, which is based on the local equilibrium at the transformation interface with the long-range partitioning of substitutional solutes by migration within the interface, has been shown to reasonably explain experimental data over a range of temperatures and chemical compositions.

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Section: Local Equilibrium In Ternary Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (A) Data On Partitioning Of Substitutional Solutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in ternary steels

Pandit

Bhadeshia

2011

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…Thus, the partitioning of Mn and C is distinct in the pearlitic lamellae of the ferrite and M 23 C 6 carbide in the Mn-Al steel. [14,15] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[13] For the eutectoid reaction in high manganese steels, the partitioning of Mn and C solutes was discovered in the pearlite. The M 3 C carbide contains a high concentration of Mn and C, and the ferrite has a low concentration of Mn and C. [13][14][15] The other pearlite with the lamellae of ferrite and M 23 C 6 carbide was found in Cr steels. The M 23 C 6 plates replaced the lamellar M 3 C grains and embedded in the ferritic grains of the pearlite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Eutectoid Reaction for the Decomposition of Austenite into Pearlitic Lamellae of Ferrite and M23C6 Carbide in a Mn-Al Steel

Cheng

Hwang

2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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We discovered a eutectoid reaction in an Fe-13.4Mn-3.0Al-0.63C (wt pct) steel after solution heat treatment at 1373 K (1100°C) and holding at temperatures below 923 K (650°C). The steel is single austenite at temperatures from 1373 K to 923 K (1100°C to 650°C). A eutectoid reaction involves the replacement of the metastable austenite by a more stable mixture of ferrite and M 23 C 6 phases at temperatures below 923 K (650°C). The mixture of ferrite and M 23 C 6 is in the form of pearlitic lamellae. The morphology of the lamellae of the product phases is similar to that of pearlite in steels. Thus, we found a new pearlite from the eutectoid reaction of the Mn-Al steel featuring c fi a + M 23 C 6 . A Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationship exists between the pearlitic ferrite (a) and M 23 C 6 (C6) grains, i.e., (110) a // (111) C6 and [111] a // [011] C6 . The upper temperature limit for the eutectoid reaction is between 923 K and 898 K (650°C and 625°C).

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“…The present observations are identical in principle to observations on the divergent pearlite Fe-C-Mn steels. [26,27] These investigations showed that the advance of the front was controlled by long-range diffusion of carbon. Under steady-state conditions, the pearlite front moved with constant growth rate and interlamellar spacing; the growth rate decreased (diverged from ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi D C t p ) as the interlamellar spacing increased in time under nonsteady-state conditions.…”

Section: B Austenite Growth With Alloying Elements Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 98%

Kinetics of Delta-Ferrite to Austenite Phase Transformation in a Two-Phase Fe-Al-C Alloy

Zhou

Zurob

Essadiqi³

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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The kinetics of delta-ferrite to austenite phase transformation was investigated using a quenching dilatometer in a Fe-Al-C alloy. The results showed that the austenite phase nucleated along the delta grain boundaries. The transformed austenite morphology changed from cellular to Widmansta¨tten pattern when the holding temperature decreased from 1398 K to 1123 K (1125°C to 850°C). Full partitioning of the substitutional alloying elements was observed and the spacing of the austenite plates was controlled by the diffusing distance of the substitutional elements. Interestingly, growth of the austenite front was controlled by the long-range diffusion of carbon from the center of the delta grains to the growing front. Deformation of the delta phase enhanced the nucleation of austenite at existing grain boundaries and newly formed subgrain boundaries.

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The growth of partitioned pearlite in Fe–C–Mn steels

Cited by 58 publications

References 20 publications

Diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in ternary steels

Diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in ternary steels

A Eutectoid Reaction for the Decomposition of Austenite into Pearlitic Lamellae of Ferrite and M23C6 Carbide in a Mn-Al Steel

Kinetics of Delta-Ferrite to Austenite Phase Transformation in a Two-Phase Fe-Al-C Alloy

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