The growth and development of <i>Vicia faba</i> L. in filtered and unfiltered open‐top chambers

Sanders, G. E.; Nd, Turnbull; Clark, Alison G.; Colls, J. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00511.x

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The dry crop was harvested on 8 September by removing all plants from the non-destructive sectors. Yield components such as the number of pods per plant and individual seed weight were determined, and the yield was calculated (Sanders et al, 1990).…”

Section: Crop Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whenever possible, the experimental plot was maintained using normal agronomic practices, including insecticide and fungicide treatments for the control of aphids {Aphis fabae). Chocolate Spot {Botrytis fabae) and Pod and Leaf Spot {Ascochyta fabae), (Sanders et al, 1990).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On four separate occasions during the season, 5 plants per sub-plot were cut at soil level and used for fresh and dry weight analysis of the stem, leaves, pods and branches (Sanders et al, 1990). The dry crop was harvested on 8 September by removing all plants from the non-destructive sectors.…”

Section: Crop Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of open‐top chambers on the growth and development of field bean

1991

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SUMMARYIn 1988, open-top chambers (OTCs) based on the Raleigh (USA) design were used to investigate the effect of ambient pollutants on field-sown Viciafaba cv, Ticol. This paper reports an aspect of this study in which the effect of the chamber itself on crop growth and development was investigated. Non-filtered chamber (NF OTC) microclimates were typically 0-8 °C warmer, with 20 % less radiation and reduced wind speeds compared with open-field sub-plots (AA treatments). These differences are sufficient to induce alterations in the growth and development of V. faba.Plant development progressed more quickly inside the chambers in response to the faster accumulation of thermal time. Chamber-grown V.faba were up to 20 cm taller and had fewer branches (0-7 compared with 1-2 per plant) than plants grown in the AA treatments. Larger leaf areas developed on the NF plants, and there were fewer stomata per unit leaf area in this treatment (34 compared with 42 mm"^ P = 0-01). Enclosure within an OTC did not alter the number of fiowers per plant or the number of flowers which formed pods. However, at harvest, chamber-grown plants had a 13% higher yield than the plants grown in open-field plots. These differences in growth are described in relation to the microclimate differences between AA and NF treatments.

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Section: Crop Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of open‐top chambers on the growth and development of field bean

1991

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“…Quantitative Tingey & Rabe, 1985). Wheat is among the O3-exposure-response relationships have been estab-sensitive species, while other crops like barley (Pleijel hshed for a series of species grown under a range of et al, 1992) or Vicia faba (Sanders et al, 1990) are environmental conditions. It has been concluded less sensitive to O3.…”

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confidence: 99%

The response of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to ozone at higher elevations

et al. 1992

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SUMMARYThe effect of ozone on the yield, yield components and grain composition of spring wheat {Triticum aestivum L., cv. Albis) was investigated in 1989 and 1990 at 900 m above sea level. Plants were grown from the three-leaf stage until harvest in open-top chambers ventilated with charcoal-filtered air (CF), unfiltered air (UF) or unfiltered air with one of two levels of O3 added when global radiation exceeded 400 J m"^ s'^ (O3-I, O3 -2). Ambient plots (AA) without chambers were used as a reference. Mean 7-h d ' (09.00-16.00 h) O3 concentrations in the CF, O3 -1 and O3 -2 treatment, respectively, was approximately 05, 14 and 18 times the concentration in the UF treatment, which was 70 /(g m"^ in 1989 and 76 //g m"^ in 1990. The OTC environment was characterized by a warmer, more humid microclimate and reduced soil moisture, compared with the open field. In 1989, this eflFect of the chambers was more pronounced than in 1990. When compared with AA plots, chamber enclosure significantly reduced grain and straw yield in 1989, while in 1990 no difference was observed. Grain yield decreased with increasing seasonal mean O3 concentration as a result of reductions in the weight of individual grains and in the number of grains per head. A small decrease in the ratio between grain weight and total above-ground biomass (harvest index) indicated a shift in biomass allocation. With increasing O3, small or no changes were observed in protein, starch and K concentrations, and in protein quality (Zeleny value) of the grain. Relationships between different measures of O3 exposure and relative grain yield were constructed with a quadratic model. With mean concentrations (7-h d^' mean or radiation-weighted mean) or with a cumulative index (SUMO6 = sum of concentrations above 60 //I 1"') to describe exposure, the response of grain yield to increasing O was smaller in 1990 than m 1989. Nearly identical exposure-response functions were obtained for both seasons, with the mean O3 flux used to estimate the absorbed dose of O3. Quadratic exposure-response functions suggest that ambient levels of O3 reduced grain yield by 95 "o and 11 6",, in 1989 and 1990, respectively. Using Weibull exposure-response functions, a comparison with results from an earlier study at 485 m above sea level indicates reduced sensitivity at the higher elevation.

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“…The plants were grown in open top chambers which allowed the modification of pollutant levels surrounding the plants while maintaining the fluctuations due to ambient climatic conditions [20]. The bean plants were grown in eight pollutant treatments, ranging from clean air with no pollutants to additions of 40 parts per billion (ppb) of ozone to ambient air.…”

Section: B Open-top Chamber (Otc) Datamentioning

confidence: 99%