The Greenhouse effect: Impacts of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, carbon dioxide (CO2), and ozone (O3) on vegetation

Krupa, Sagar V.; Kickert, Ronald N.

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(89)90166-8

Cited by 259 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…Previous work on the effects of UV-B radiation on crop growth indicates a reduction in biomass accumulation (Song et al, 1999;Krupa and Kickert, 1989). There was a 51% reduction in total dry matter, 43 DAE at high UV-B radiation compared to the control in our first experiment and a reduction of 64% in the second experiment at 66 DAE (Tables 2 and 3).…”

Section: Effects Of Uv-b On Cotton Growthsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…In addition to the intensive investigations on growth and physiological responses to UV-B radiation on many field crops such as bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Deckmyn et al, 1994), maize (Zea mays L.) (Correia et al, 1998(Correia et al, , 1999Mark and Tevini, 1996), pea (Pisum sativum L.) (Day et al, 1996;Mepsted et al, 1996), rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Dai et al, 1992;Teramura et al, 1990), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Miller et al, 1994;Sinclair et al, 1990;Teramura et al, 1990), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (Battaglia and Brennen, 2000), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Li et al, 2000;Teramura et al, 1990), several reviews have recently summarized the effects and consequences of UV-B radiation on major agricultural and horticultural crops, and nonagricultural species (Allen, 1990(Allen, , 1994Allen et al, 1998;Caldwell et al, 1998;Groth and Krupa, 2000;Krupa and Kickert, 1989;Teramura and Sullivan, 1994). The inferences from these studies and reviews are that plant sensitivities to UV-B radiation differ among species and cultivars within a species; however, little is known about the responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), a major economic crop grown on over 32 Mha worldwide and over 5 Mha in the United States (http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/cotton).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Reddy

Kakani

Zhao

et al. 2003

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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The potential impact of an increase in solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation due to human activity on higher plants has been the subject of many studies. Little work has been carried out so far on cotton responses to enhanced UV-B radiation. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not the current and projected increases in UV-B levels affect cotton growth and development, and to quantify and develop UV-B radiation functional algorithms that can be used in simulation models. Two experiments were conducted during the summer of 2001 using sunlit plant growth chambers in a wide range of UV-B radiations under optimal growing conditions. Leaves exposed to UV-B radiation developed chlorotic and necrotic patches depending on the intensity and length of exposure. Along with changes in visible morphology, cotton canopy photosynthesis declined with increased UV-B radiation. The decline in canopy photosynthesis was partly due to loss of photosynthetic pigments and UV-B-induced decay of leaf-level photosynthetic efficiency (maximum photosynthesis) and capacity (quantum yield) as the leaves aged. The total leaf area was less due to smaller leaves and fewer leaves per plant. Less plant height was closely related to a shorter average internode length rather than a fewer mainstem nodes. The UV-B did not affect cotton major developmental events such as time taken to square, time to flower, and leaf addition rates on the mainstem. Lower biomass was closely related to both smaller leaf area and lower photosynthesis. The critical limit, defined as 90% of optimum or the control, for stem elongation was lower (8.7 kJ m −2 per day UV-B) than the critical limit for leaf expansion (11.2 kJ m −2 per day UV-B), indicating that stem elongation was more sensitive to UV-B than leaf expansion. The critical limits for canopy photosynthesis and total dry weight were 7 and 7.3 kJ m −2 per day, respectively. The identified UV-B-specific indices for stem and leaf growth and photosynthesis parameters may be incorporated into cotton simulation models such as GOSSYM to predict yields under present and future climatic conditions.

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Section: Effects Of Uv-b On Cotton Growthsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Reddy

Kakani

Zhao

et al. 2003

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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“…Reports of past studies showed that the supplemental UV-B irradiance has an adverse effect on physiological processes of plants including the reduction of photosynthetic efficiency, decrease of leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate (Krupa and Kickert, 1989;Staaij et al, 1990;Zheng et al, 1996a;Yan et al, 1997). The Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) and the Relative Growth Rate (RGR) were observed to decrease with the supplemental UV-B irradiance in this study (Table 1).…”

Section: Effect Of Enhanced Uv-b Radiation On Cotton Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by increasing dry weight compared to a control without the UV-B supplement. Krupa and Kickert (1989) summarized studies of UV-B effects on dry weight for a large variety of different plants; the effects ranged from negative to negligible to positive, and sometimes effects differed for a species in different studies.…”

Section: Effect Of Enhanced Uv-b Radiation On Cotton Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of enhanced ultraviolet-B irradiance on cotton growth, development, yield, and qualities under field conditions

Gao

Zheng

Slusser

et al. 2003

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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The stratospheric ozone depletion and enhanced solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiance may have adverse impacts on the productivity of agricultural crops. The effect of UV-B enhancements on agricultural crops includes reduction in yield, alteration in species competition, decrease in photosynthetic activity, susceptibility to disease, and changes in structure and pigmentation. Many studies have examined the influence of supplemental UV-B irradiance on different crops, but the effect of UV-B irradiance on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crops has received little attention. Cotton is one of the most versatile of all the crops. It is a major fiber crop of the world and a major source of trade and economy in many countries. In this study, we provide quantitative examination of the effects of elevated UV-B irradiance on cotton plant (Sukang 103). The tested cotton crop was grown under natural and four regimes of supplemental UV-B irradiance in the field. With UV-B irradiance increased 9.5% throughout the growing season, the negative impacts on cotton growth included reductions in height of 14%, in leaf area of 29%, and in total biomass of 34%. Fiber quality was reduced and economic yield dropped 72%; an economic coefficient was reduced 58%. A brief discussion is included on how the impacts on cotton contrast with impacts that have been observed in other studies on other plants, including trees.

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“…Most research has been conducted on agricultural herbaceous plants and little is known about the effects of u.v.-B radiation on trees, especially on broadleaf trees, and native species (Krupa & Kickert, 1989;Sullivan, Teramura & Dillenburg, 1994). Conifers, which appear to be most efficient in u.v.-screening (Day, Howells & Rice, 1994), have shown considerable speciesspecific and individual variation in susceptibility to enhanced u.v.-B radiation, as well as in the u.v.-B-induced accumulation of u.v.-B absorbing compounds (Sullivan & Teramura, 1988.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of u.v.‐B radiation on u.v.‐absorbing secondary metabolites in birch seedlings grown under simulated forest soil conditions

et al. 1997

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The Greenhouse effect: Impacts of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, carbon dioxide (CO2), and ozone (O3) on vegetation

Cited by 259 publications

References 153 publications

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Cotton responses to ultraviolet-B radiation: experimentation and algorithm development

Impact of enhanced ultraviolet-B irradiance on cotton growth, development, yield, and qualities under field conditions

The effect of u.v.‐B radiation on u.v.‐absorbing secondary metabolites in birch seedlings grown under simulated forest soil conditions

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