The grain quality of wheat wild relatives in the evolutionary context

Zeibig, Frederike; Kilian, Benjamin; Frei, Michael

doi:10.1007/s00122-021-04013-8

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Pre‐domestication cultivation and domestication of wild wheat occurred in the Fertile Crescent (Zohary et al., 2012). About 11 000 years ago, early farmers began selecting plants suitable for agriculture and cultivating diploid and tetraploid wild wheat species (Faris, 2014; Peng et al., 2011; Zeibig et al., 2021). Spontaneous hybridization between domesticated tetraploid wheat and a wild diploid donor of the D genome ( Aegilops tauschii ) resulted in hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum , 2 n = 6 x = 48, BBAADD) (Levy & Feldman, 2022; Sharma et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into breeding history, hotspot regions of selection, and untapped allelic diversity for bread wheat breeding

et al. 2022

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Breeding has increasingly altered the genetics of crop plants since the domestication of their wild progenitors. It is postulated that the genetic diversity of elite wheat breeding pools is too narrow to cope with future challenges. In contrast, plant genetic resources (PGRs) of wheat stored in genebanks are valuable sources of unexploited genetic diversity. Therefore, to ensure breeding progress in the future, it is of prime importance to identify the useful allelic diversity available in PGRs and to transfer it into elite breeding pools. Here, a diverse collection consisting of modern winter wheat cultivars and genebank accessions was investigated based on reduced-representation genomic sequencing and an iSelect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip array. Analyses of these datasets provided detailed insights into population structure, levels of genetic diversity, sources of new allelic diversity, and genomic regions affected by breeding activities. We identified 57 regions representing genomic signatures of selection and 827 regions representing private alleles associated exclusively with genebank accessions. The presence of known functional wheat genes, quantitative trait loci, and large chromosomal modifications, i.e., introgressions from wheat wild relatives, provided initial evidence for putative traits associated within these identified regions. These findings were supported by the results of ontology enrichment analyses. The results reported here will stimulate further research and promote breeding in the future by allowing for the targeted introduction of novel allelic diversity into elite wheat breeding pools.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into breeding history, hotspot regions of selection, and untapped allelic diversity for bread wheat breeding

et al. 2022

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“…Tauschii ( Bhatta et al, 2018 ; Gaurav et al, 2021 ; Zhou et al, 2021 ) whose chromosomes readily pair with their bread wheat homologs are an invaluable resource for breeders in particular when it comes to biotic and abiotic resistance genes not found in the domestic wheat gene pool. Also, the A subgenome of wild Triticum Timopheevii and the A genome of T. rartu are homologous to the A subgenome of bread wheat and can be used as a source of useful genes ( Badaeva et al, 2021 ; Zeibig et al, 2021 ). The gene pool for wheat breeding can be extended to more distant relatives whose homoeologous chromosomes can recombine with wheat subgenomes in the absence of Ph1 .…”

Section: The Future Of Wheat Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and origin of bread wheat

2022

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Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, genome BBAADD) is a young hexaploid species formed only 8500-9000 years ago through hybridization between a domesticated free-threshing tetraploid progenitor, genome BBAA, and Aegilops tauschii, the diploid donor of the D subgenome. Very soon after its formation, it spread globally from its cradle in the fertile crescent into new habitats and climates, to become a staple food of humanity. This extraordinary global expansion was probably enabled by allopolyploidy that accelerated genetic novelty through the acquisition of new traits, new intergenomic interactions, and buffering of mutations, and by the attractiveness of bread wheat’s large, tasty, and nutritious grain with high baking quality. New genome sequences suggest that the elusive donor of the B subgenome is a distinct (unknown or extinct) species rather than a mosaic genome. We discuss the origin of the diploid and tetraploid progenitors of bread wheat and the conflicting genetic and archaeological evidence on where it was formed and which species was its free-threshing tetraploid progenitor. Wheat experienced many environmental changes throughout its evolution, therefore, while it might adapt to current climatic changes, efforts are needed to better use and conserve the vast gene pool of wheat biodiversity on which our food security depends.

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“…Crops underwent genetic bottlenecks, and it is well known that rich diversity has been left behind so far in crop plant relatives. In order to unlock diversity for grain quality traits including micronutrient concentrations, Zeibig et al (2021) report on results in wheat and wheat relatives for these traits, which should allow more targeted allele mining. Unlocking 'neglected or underutilized' diversity for future crop improvement is likewise addressed by Badaeva et al (2022) who provide an extensive study on the tetraploid wheat section Timopheevii and its potential for wheat improvement.…”

Section: Challenges Opportunities and Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant breeding for increased sustainability: challenges, opportunities and progress

et al. 2022

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Humanity is facing enormous challenges in the years to come: sustainability of agriculture and sustainability of our supply with food, feed and renewable materials are neither granted nor free. Especially, but not only, in the Global South, a sustainable increase in agricultural productivity and a steady reduction of avoidable losses are undoubtedly key issues that need to be addressed.In order to pinpoint the most pressing challenges and strategies to achieve targets, the United Nations have formulated the Sustainable Development Goals (https:// sdgs. un. org/ goals). Among these, several are directly or indirectly addressing agriculture, food supply and sustainability, most notably SDG2 (zero hunger), SDG12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG13 (climate action) and SDG15 (life on land).

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The grain quality of wheat wild relatives in the evolutionary context

Cited by 26 publications

References 152 publications

Insights into breeding history, hotspot regions of selection, and untapped allelic diversity for bread wheat breeding

Insights into breeding history, hotspot regions of selection, and untapped allelic diversity for bread wheat breeding

Evolution and origin of bread wheat

Plant breeding for increased sustainability: challenges, opportunities and progress

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