The Global Sulfur Cycle

Canfield, Donald E.; Farquhar, James

doi:10.1002/9781118280874.ch5

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Increasing transpiration accelerates the delivery of S to the root surface. About 75–90% of the S in soils is present in the topsoil as organic compounds, and S phytoavailability can be enhanced by secreting enzymes degrading soil organic-S, either from plant roots themselves or from their associated microbial communities (Canfield and Farquhar, 2012; Lamers et al, 2012). …”

Section: Root Ideotypes For Improving the Acquisition Of Essential MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits for infertile soils

White¹,

George²,

Dupuy³

et al. 2013

Front. Plant Sci.

136

122

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Crop production is often restricted by the availability of essential mineral elements. For example, the availability of N, P, K, and S limits low-input agriculture, the phytoavailability of Fe, Zn, and Cu limits crop production on alkaline and calcareous soils, and P, Mo, Mg, Ca, and K deficiencies, together with proton, Al and Mn toxicities, limit crop production on acid soils. Since essential mineral elements are acquired by the root system, the development of crop genotypes with root traits increasing their acquisition should increase yields on infertile soils. This paper examines root traits likely to improve the acquisition of these elements and observes that, although the efficient acquisition of a particular element requires a specific set of root traits, suites of traits can be identified that benefit the acquisition of a group of mineral elements. Elements can be divided into three Groups based on common trait requirements. Group 1 comprises N, S, K, B, and P. Group 2 comprises Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ni. Group 3 contains mineral elements that rarely affect crop production. It is argued that breeding for a limited number of distinct root ideotypes, addressing particular combinations of mineral imbalances, should be pursued.

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Section: Root Ideotypes For Improving the Acquisition Of Essential MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits for infertile soils

White¹,

George²,

Dupuy³

et al. 2013

Front. Plant Sci.

136

122

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“…Historically, the sulfur cycle was one of the first to be well documented in environmental microbiology (Kertesz, 2000; Canfield and Farquhar, 2012). Chemolithoautotrophic and metabolic conversion of sulfur compounds were first described in the late 19th century by Beijerinck (Kelly et al, 1997) and are of central interest in the context of environmental pollution (Kellogg et al, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial pathways in colonic sulfur metabolism and links with health and disease

et al. 2012

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Sulfur is both crucial to life and a potential threat to health. While colonic sulfur metabolism mediated by eukaryotic cells is relatively well studied, much less is known about sulfur metabolism within gastrointestinal microbes. Sulfated compounds in the colon are either of inorganic (e.g., sulfates, sulfites) or organic (e.g., dietary amino acids and host mucins) origin. The most extensively studied of the microbes involved in colonic sulfur metabolism are the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which are common colonic inhabitants. Many other microbial pathways are likely to shape colonic sulfur metabolism as well as the composition and availability of sulfated compounds, and these interactions need to be examined in more detail. Hydrogen sulfide is the sulfur derivative that has attracted the most attention in the context of colonic health, and the extent to which it is detrimental or beneficial remains in debate. Several lines of evidence point to SRB or exogenous hydrogen sulfide as potential players in the etiology of intestinal disorders, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colorectal cancer in particular. Generation of hydrogen sulfide via pathways other than dissimilatory sulfate reduction may be as, or more, important than those involving the SRB. We suggest here that a novel axis of research is to assess the effects of hydrogen sulfide in shaping colonic microbiome structure. Clearly, in-depth characterization of the microbial pathways involved in colonic sulfur metabolism is necessary for a better understanding of its contribution to colonic disorders and development of therapeutic strategies.

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“…S. oneidensis MR-1 thus provides a close model for the general iron reduction reaction occurring in sediments. Medium [Mg 2+ ]/[Ca 2+ ] ratios and total [Na 2 SO 4 ] were set to bracket historical marine values (Ries et al, 2008;Canfield & Farquhar, 2012), with [Mg 2+ ]/[Ca 2+ ] = 0, 5, and 10, and total [Na 2 SO 4 ] = 0, 5, and 28 mM. Final medium contained 10 mM NH 4 Cl, 0.1 mM MgCl 2 , 0.1 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 0.5 g L À1 of casamino acid, 5 mM ferric hydroxide (electron acceptor), and 20 mM lactate (electron donor).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 mM of CaCl 2 was added to all treatments except for calciumfree controls. Medium [Mg 2+ ]/[Ca 2+ ] ratios and total [Na 2 SO 4 ] were set to bracket historical marine values (Ries et al, 2008;Canfield & Farquhar, 2012), with [Mg 2+ ]/[Ca 2+ ] = 0, 5, and 10, and total [Na 2 SO 4 ] = 0, 5, and 28 mM. Factorial experiments were constructed over all treatment variables and performed with 10 replicates each.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion and nucleation of carbonate precipitation during microbial iron reduction

Zeng

Tice

2014

Geobiology

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Iron-bearing early diagenetic carbonate cements are common in sedimentary rocks, where they are thought to be associated with microbial iron reduction. However, little is yet known about how local environments around actively iron-reducing cells affect carbonate mineral precipitation rates and compositions. Precipitation experiments with the iron-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were conducted to examine the potential role of cells in promoting precipitation and to explore the possible range of precipitate compositions generated in varying fluid compositions. Actively iron-reducing cells induced increased carbonate mineral saturation and nucleated precipitation on their poles. However, precipitation only occurred when calcium was present in solution, suggesting that cell surfaces lowered local ferrous iron concentrations by adsorption or intracellular iron oxide precipitation even as they locally raised pH. Resultant precipitates were a range of thermodynamically unstable calcium-rich siderites that would likely act as precursors to siderite, calcite, or even dolomite in nature. By modifying local pH, providing nucleation sites, and altering metal ion concentrations around cell surfaces, iron-reducing micro-organisms could produce a wide range of carbonate cements in natural sediments.

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The Global Sulfur Cycle

Cited by 29 publications

References 108 publications

Root traits for infertile soils

Root traits for infertile soils

Microbial pathways in colonic sulfur metabolism and links with health and disease

Promotion and nucleation of carbonate precipitation during microbial iron reduction

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