The global agenda for the prevention of type 2 diabetes

Herman, William H.

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw034

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) is a peptidase that removes 2 amino acids (His‐Ala) from the active glucagon‐like peptide 1 [GLP‐1] resulting in its bio‐inactivation. The use of DPP‐4 inhibitors, therefore, increases GLP‐1 half‐life and is an effective way to increase the endogenous effects of GLP‐1 to enhance glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion and to suppress glucagon secretion.…”

Section: Drugs and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing steadily, both in the United States and worldwide. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The National Diabetes Statistics report, 2017 (www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/ data/statistics/national-diabetes-statistics-report.pdf) 8 estimates that as of 2015, 30.3 million people in the US have diabetes (T1D or T2D), with 23.1 million being diagnosed and 7.2 million being undiagnosed; 90% to 95% of these have T2D. In China, where diabetes prevalence is the highest worldwide, an estimated 110 million adults have diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diabetes pharmacotherapy and effects on the musculoskeletal system

Kalaitzoglou

Fowlkes

Popescu

et al. 2018

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Summary Persons with type 1 or type 2 diabetes have a significantly higher fracture risk than age‐matched persons without diabetes, attributed to disease‐specific deficits in the microarchitecture and material properties of bone tissue. Therefore, independent effects of diabetes drugs on skeletal integrity are vitally important. Studies of incretin‐based therapies have shown divergent effects of different agents on fracture risk, including detrimental, beneficial, and neutral effects. The sulfonylurea class of drugs, owing to its hypoglycemic potential, is thought to amplify the risk of fall‐related fractures, particularly in the elderly. Other agents such as the biguanides may, in fact, be osteo‐anabolic. In contrast, despite similarly expected anabolic properties of insulin, data suggests that insulin pharmacotherapy itself, particularly in type 2 diabetes, may be a risk factor for fracture, negatively associated with determinants of bone quality and bone strength. Finally, sodium‐dependent glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors have been associated with an increased risk of atypical fractures in select populations, and possibly with an increase in lower extremity amputation with specific SGLT2I drugs. The role of skeletal muscle, as a potential mediator and determinant of bone quality, is also a relevant area of exploration. Currently, data regarding the impact of glucose lowering medications on diabetes‐related muscle atrophy is more limited, although preclinical studies suggest that various hypoglycemic agents may have either aggravating (sulfonylureas, glinides) or repairing (thiazolidinediones, biguanides, incretins) effects on skeletal muscle atrophy, thereby influencing bone quality. Hence, the therapeutic efficacy of each hypoglycemic agent must also be evaluated in light of its impact, alone or in combination, on musculoskeletal health, when determining an individualized treatment approach. Moreover, the effect of newer medications (potentially seeking expanded clinical indication into the pediatric age range) on the growing skeleton is largely unknown. Herein, we review the available literature regarding effects of diabetes pharmacotherapy, by drug class and/or by clinical indication, on the musculoskeletal health of persons with diabetes.

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Section: Drugs and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes pharmacotherapy and effects on the musculoskeletal system

Kalaitzoglou

Fowlkes

Popescu

et al. 2018

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…However, despite persistent advice to the public emphasizing the importance of lifestyle factors in the prevention and management of MetS, the rising prevalence of the syndrome and its associated pathologies is a testament to the difficulties encountered in successfully implementing long-term behavioral changes. Pharmacotherapy has been employed with varying degrees of success, although disadvantages associated with prolonged use of pharmaceuticals include side effects, cost, and public access [ 13 , 14 ], which is a particularly acute problem in the developing world where the incidence of MetS is escalating at an alarming rate and availability of pharmaceuticals can be a limiting factor [ 15 ]. Natural products derived from food sources therefore represent an attractive complementary therapy for the treatment of MetS due to their relative safety and tolerability compared to several of the drugs currently available, although vigilance remains necessary to ensure proper safety standards for nutritional supplements in the marketplace [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential adverse effects of botanical supplementation in high-fat-fed female mice

Fuller

Mendoza

et al. 2018

Biol Sex Differ

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BackgroundInsulin resistance underlies metabolic syndrome and is associated with excess adiposity and visceral fat accumulation, which is more frequently observed in males than females. However, in young females, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rising, mainly driven by accumulation of abdominal visceral fat. The degree to which sex-related differences could influence the development of insulin resistance remains unclear, and studies of potential therapeutic strategies to combat metabolic syndrome using rodent models have focused predominantly on males. We therefore evaluated the effects of two nutritional supplements derived from botanical sources, an extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. (termed PMI5011) and Momordica charantia (commonly known as bitter melon), on female mice challenged with a high-fat diet in order to determine if dietary intake of these supplements could ameliorate obesity-induced insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility in skeletal muscle.MethodsBody composition, physical activity and energy expenditure, fatty acid oxidation, insulin signaling, and gene and protein expression of factors controlling lipid metabolism and ectopic lipid accumulation were evaluated in female mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with either PMI5011 or bitter melon. Statistical significance was assessed by unpaired two-tailed t test and repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsPMI5011 supplementation resulted in increased body weight and adiposity, while bitter melon did not induce changes in these parameters. Pyruvate tolerance testing indicated that both supplements increased hepatic glucose production. Both supplements induced a significant suppression in fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle homogenates treated with pyruvate, indicating enhanced metabolic flexibility. PMI5011 reduced lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, while bitter melon induced a downward trend in lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle and liver. This was accompanied by transcriptional regulation of autophagic genes by bitter melon in the liver.ConclusionsData from the current study indicates that dietary supplementation with PMI5011 and bitter melon evokes a divergent, and generally less favorable, set of metabolic responses in female mice compared to effects previously observed in males. Our findings underscore the importance of considering sex-related variations in responses to dietary supplementation aimed at combating metabolic syndrome.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13293-018-0199-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In the implantation of teeth, it increases the risk of inflammation of the soft tissue and alveolar bone damage due to its hyperglycemia [14]. Pre-diabetes is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease such as stroke and coronary heart disease [15], and increases the risk of macrovascular and microvascular disease [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The related factors of pre-diabetes among adolescents in Qingdao, China

Wei

2019

Preprint

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Background: To analyze the related factors of pre-diabetes among adolescents. Methods: 588 students were selected by convenient sampling method from Qingdao for questionnaires, physical examination and biochemical examination. Multivariate analysis was carried out to analyze the related factors among adolescents. Results: Overweight/obesity, central obesity, family history of diabetes, weekly frequency of moderate to vigorous physical exercise <7days, weekly frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption <7days were statistically difference in the prevalence of prediabetes among boys. Family history of diabetes, weekly screen time≥14h, weekly frequency of fast food consumption ≥7days were significantly difference in the prevalence of diabetes among girls.Conclusions: Our study find that prediabetes among adolescents in Qingdao is becoming a vital health issue. This requires us to avoid obesity and develop a healthy lifestyle

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The global agenda for the prevention of type 2 diabetes

Cited by 20 publications

References 39 publications

Diabetes pharmacotherapy and effects on the musculoskeletal system

Diabetes pharmacotherapy and effects on the musculoskeletal system

Potential adverse effects of botanical supplementation in high-fat-fed female mice

The related factors of pre-diabetes among adolescents in Qingdao, China

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