The gift relationship between pharmaceutical companies and physicians: an exploratory survey of physicians

Madhavan, Suresh; Amonkar, Mayur M.; Elliott, David P.; Burke, Kathryn A.; Gore, Prasanna

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1997.94975949.x

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Note, that crucially, the advertising and bribing motives for gifts are not mutually exclusive. 27 The discrepancy between in ‡uence on self and in ‡uence on most other physicians is corroborated by [Madhavan et. al., 1997].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fishy Gifts: Bribing with Shame and Guilt

Ong

2011

SSRN Journal

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The following is a model of psychological contracting with unmonitorable performance, implicit o¤ers, and screening for non-performance by the announcement of the expectation of performance. It is motivated by the $250 billion prescription drug industry, which spends $19 billion per year on marketing to US doctors, mostly on 'gifts', and often, as at Yale, with no monitoring for reciprocation. In one revealing incident, a drug …rm representative closed her presentation to Yale medical residents by handing out $150 medical reference books and remarking, "one hand washes the other." By the next day, half the books were returned. I model this with a one shot psychological trust game with negative belief preferences and asymmetric information. I show that the 'shame'of accepting a possible bribe can screen for reciprocation inducing 'guilt'. An announcement can extend the e¤ect. Current policies to deter reciprocation might aid such screening. I also discuss applications like vote buying when voting is unobservable and why taxis drivers in Naples announce in ‡ated fares after their service is sunk.JEL Codes: C72, D82, D86, H51, H75, I11, I18, M31, M37

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fishy Gifts: Bribing with Shame and Guilt

Ong

2011

SSRN Journal

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“…Physicians variably rated the informational value of PRs in medical education [1]–[3], [5]–[8], [10], [12], [15]–[18]. Their beliefs about the influence of interactions with PRs on prescribing behaviors were mixed [1], [3], [5]–[8], [10], [13], [14], [16], [18], [19]. They believed that their colleagues were more likely to be influenced than themselves [13], [14], [16], [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their beliefs about the influence of interactions with PRs on prescribing behaviors were mixed [1], [3], [5]–[8], [10], [13], [14], [16], [18], [19]. They believed that their colleagues were more likely to be influenced than themselves [13], [14], [16], [19]. Physicians tended to believe that it was appropriate to receive inexpensive gifts [2], [6], [8], [14], [16], [18], [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese Practicing Physicians' Relationships with Pharmaceutical Representatives: A National Survey

2010

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BackgroundPrevious surveys on the relationship between physicians and pharmaceutical representatives (PRs) have been of limited quality. The purpose of our survey of practicing physicians in Japan was to assess the extent of their involvement in pharmaceutical promotional activities, physician characteristics that predict such involvement, attitudes toward relationships with PRs, correlations between the extent of involvement and attitudes, and differences in the extent of involvement according to self-reported prescribing behaviors.Methods and FindingsFrom January to March 2008, we conducted a national survey of 2621 practicing physicians in seven specialties: internal medicine, general surgery, orthopedic surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics-gynecology, psychiatry, and ophthalmology. The response rate was 54%. Most physicians met with PRs (98%), received drug samples (85%) and stationery (96%), and participated in industry-sponsored continuing medical education (CME) events at the workplace (80%) and outside the workplace (93%). Half accepted meals outside the workplace (49%) and financial subsidies to attend CME events (49%). Rules at the workplace banning both meetings with PRs and gifts predicted less involvement of physicians in promotional activities. Physicians valued information from PRs. They believed that they were unlikely to be influenced by promotional activities, but that their colleagues were more susceptible to such influence than themselves. They were divided about the appropriateness of low-value gifts. The extent of physician involvement in promotional activities was positively correlated with the attitudes that PRs are a valuable source of information and that gifts are appropriate. The extent of such involvement was higher among physicians who prefer to ask PRs for information when a new medication becomes available, physicians who are not satisfied with patient encounters ending only with advice, and physicians who prefer to prescribe brand-name medications.ConclusionsInvolvement in pharmaceutical promotional activities is widespread among practicing physicians in Japan. The extent of such involvement varies according to certain physician characteristics. As a group, they are at risk for influence by promotional activities.

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“…36 Several studies have shown that physicians deny industry's influence. 5,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43] However, research shows a strong correlation between receiving industry benefits and favoring their products. 7,8,44 Physicians and residents feel they are immune to the promotional activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industry Relations With Emergency Medicine Graduate Medical Education Programs

Kowalenko

Char

Marco

et al. 2009

Academic Emergency Medicine

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A panel of physicians from the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Graduate Medical Education (GME), Ethics, and Industry Relations Committees were asked by the SAEM Board of Directors to write a position paper on the relationship of emergency medicine (EM) GME with industry. Using multiple sources as references, the team derived a set of guidelines that all EM GME training programs can use when interacting with industry representatives. In addition, the team used a questionanswer format to provide educators and residents with a practical approach to these interactions.

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The gift relationship between pharmaceutical companies and physicians: an exploratory survey of physicians

Cited by 43 publications

References 8 publications

Fishy Gifts: Bribing with Shame and Guilt

Fishy Gifts: Bribing with Shame and Guilt

Japanese Practicing Physicians' Relationships with Pharmaceutical Representatives: A National Survey

Industry Relations With Emergency Medicine Graduate Medical Education Programs

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