The genus<i>Huperzia</i>(Lycopodiaceae) in the Azores and Madeira

The genus Diphasiastrum includes at least 23 species distributed primarily across the northern temperate and subarctic areas of the world. These plants produce an array of lycopodium alkaloids, and some species such as Diphasiastrum complanatum have been used in traditional medicine for ages for various conditions. Hybridization is common in this group of plants and they have always been a challenge for taxonomists and other scientists studying them. To date, 11 Diphasiastrum species have been reported to produce lycopodium alkaloids. In this review, reported alkaloids and their distribution patterns across these species along with taxonomical and bioactivity considerations are reviewed and discussed.

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The Genus Diphasiastrum and Its Lycopodium Alkaloids

Halldorsdottir

Kowal

Ólafsdóttir

2015

Planta Med

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Phlegmariurus changii(Huperziaceae), a New Hanging Firmoss from Taiwan

Hsieh¹,

Hatch²,

Chang³

2012

American Fern Journal

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Huang, 1994] and abundant herbarium specimens, we found that this species is new and we describe it herein. This species belongs to the Lycopodiales. The Lycopodiales were historically considered a single family, the Lycopodiaceae, which contained two genera, Phylloglossum Kunze and Lycopodium L. Phylloglossum is a genus containing only one species and endemic to Australia and New Zealand, whereas Lycopodium sensu Linnaeus are widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions. Lycopodium L. is a complex group and has undergone many changes in taxonomy and nomenclature (Holub, 1991; Wagner and Beitel,

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Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Huperzia serrata and Their Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity

Yangshuai

Xiao

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Huperzia serrata is a Huperzine A (HupA)-producing herb. HupA is a potent, reversible, highly specific, centrally active and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, and is commonly used to improve Alzheimer’s disease.At present, H. serrata resources have been overexploited and their artificial cultivation has lagged behind the need, so the market demand cannot be met. In this study, the diversity of the endophytic fungi in H. serrata was studied by high-throughput sequencing and traditional culture methods. Furthermore, the ability of the isolated endophytic fungi to produce acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting activity was evaluated. The results related to the diversity of fungi between high-throughput sequencing and traditional culture methods were compared. With high-throughput sequencing, five phyla, 22 classes, 55 orders, 120 families, and 178 genera of fungi were detected in Hubei Province, and five phyla, 22 classes, 54 orders, 124 families, and 196 genera were detected in Fujian Province. After cultivation with traditional culture methods, two phyla, three classes, five orders, six families, and six genera were detected in Hubei, and one phylum, three classes, five orders, five families, and six genera in Fujian. The endophytic fungi of H. serrata are highly diverse, and the results of high-throughput sequencing comprehensively reflect their community compositions. When the acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting activity of the isolated and cultured endophytic fungi was determined, five and three endophytic fungi from Hubei and Fujian Provinces, respectively, had good inhibitory activity (inhibition rate > 50%). Most of them were separated from leaf tissue. The strain HBR-1 and strain FJL-5 had the strongest inhibitory effects on AChE, with inhibition rates of 72.34% and 60.54%, respectively. Although only a proportion of the endophytic fungi was isolated with traditional culture methods, metabolites with broad potential applications can be isolated from these fungal cultures. The combination of high-throughput sequencing and traditional culture methods can be used to isolate and purify endophytic fungi in a targeted manner, gain many endophytic fungi, and enrich the endophytic fungi resource library.

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The genusHuperzia(Lycopodiaceae) in the Azores and Madeira

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

The Genus Diphasiastrum and Its Lycopodium Alkaloids

The Genus Diphasiastrum and Its Lycopodium Alkaloids

Phlegmariurus changii(Huperziaceae), a New Hanging Firmoss from Taiwan

Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Huperzia serrata and Their Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity

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