The GenusAeromonas: Taxonomy, Pathogenicity, and Infection

Abstract

SUMMARY Over the past decade, the genus Aeromonas has undergone a number of significant changes of practical importance to clinical microbiologists and scientists alike. In parallel with the molecular revolution in microbiology, several new species have been identified on a phylogenetic basis, and the genome of the type species, A. hydrophila ATCC 7966, has been sequenced. In addition to established disease associations, Aeromonas has been shown to be a significant cause of infections associated with natural disasters (hurricanes, tsunamis, and earthquakes) and has been linked to emerging or new illnesses, including near-drowning events, prostatitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Despite these achievements, issues still remain regarding the role that Aeromonas plays in bacterial gastroenteritis, the extent to which species identification should be attempted in the clinical laboratory, and laboratory reporting of test results from contaminated body sites containing aeromonads. This article provides an extensive review of these topics, in addition to others, such as taxonomic issues, microbial pathogenicity, and antimicrobial resistance markers.

Multilocus sequence typing revealed a clonal lineage of Aeromonas hydrophila caused motile Aeromonas septicemia outbreaks in pond-cultured cyprinid fish in an epidemic area in central China

“…The taxonomy of the genus Aeromonas is complex and accompanied with confusion and controversy (Janda and Abbott, 2010;Martinez-Murcia et al, 2011;Martino et al, 2011). At present, 24 validly published species in the genus Aeromonas have been reported Fig.…”

Cytotoxins of the human pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila trigger, via the NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase‐1 activation in macrophages

“…The most common human disease associated with Aeromonas infection is gastroenteritis with diarrhea symptoms. Among the 21 species that have been differentiated based on DNA-DNA hybridization, A. caviae, A. veronii biotype sobria and A. hydrophila are most commonly associated with human infections and account for more than 85% of all clinical isolates [1,2].…”

“…The most common human disease associated with Aeromonas infection is gastroenteritis with diarrhea symptoms. Among the 21 species that have been differentiated based on DNA-DNA hybridization, A. caviae, A. veronii biotype sobria and A. hydrophila are most commonly associated with human infections and account for more than 85% of all clinical isolates [1,2].Recently, it has been reported that infection with A. hydrophila induces apoptosis in macrophages [3,4]. Although the cytotoxicity by the bacteria is believed to enable the bacteria to evade eradication and clearance by the macrophages, the host proinflammatory responses triggered by the death of the macrophages remain unknown.…”

Ascophyllum nodosum in the diet of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its effect after inoculation of Aeromonas hydrophila

“…These microorganisms can cause disease in peoikilothermic and homeothermic animals, including human (Cahill 1990). They are associated with hemorrhagic septicemia in freshwater fish (Janda & Abbott 2010) and gastroenteritis transmitted to humans by contact and consumption of contaminated meat and water (Abdullah et al 2003).…”