The Generation of Sensory Expectation by External Cues and Its Effect on Sensory Perception and Hedonic Ratings: A Review

Abstract

Expectations are generated by a variety of factors. We indicate a flow chart for the role of expectations at the point of choice and in influencing sensory perception at the time of consumption. We review the sparse literature on how advertising, packaging and information generate sensory expectations. The application of various theories to explain the observed effects of sensory expectations are reviewed. There is overwhelming evidence for assimilation‐contrast effect, although no studies have been specifically designed to detect it. Finally we review the reasons why individuals might differ in the way that expectations influence sensory perception. These reasons include ideas from persuasion literature and private body consciousness. A number of behavioral hypothesis that follow from these theories are developed.

Development of gluten-free cookie from medicinal plants (Guaraná - Paullinea cupana and Catuaba - Anemopaegma mirandum) aiming at copper, iron, and zinc supplementation

“…It is important to highlight that according to Deliza and Macfie (1996) and Deliza and Costa (2003), the choice and consequent buying of a food by the consumer is influenced by many inter-related factors and not only by the intrinsic characteristics of the product. These factors range from previous experiences with the product to the context, available information, and consumer's personality.…”

Influence of label information on dark chocolate acceptability

“…If negative disconfir-91 mation occurs, the consumer will probably reject the product 92 and not buy it again (Deliza & MacFie, 1996 uated using a nine-point hedonic scale ranging from 1 ('dislike ex-160 tremely') to 9 ('like extremely') and purchase intention evaluation 161 was made with a five-point scale ranging from 1 ('definitively 162 would not buy') to 5 ('definitively would buy'). 163 In the second session, 1 month later, participants were provided 164 with the image of the packaging of each product that contained 165 information about the product type (regular dark chocolate, Ecua-166 dor cocoa dark chocolate and 85% cocoa dark chocolate) and the 167 brand (premium and store brand) ( Table 1).…”

Influência da embalagem na aceitação de diferentes marcas comerciais de cerveja tipo Pilsen

“…Dentre esses fatores, as expectativas com relação ao produto possuem importante papel, uma vez que elas podem melhorar ou piorar a percepção do mesmo, antes de ele ser experimentado (DELIZA;MACFIE, 1994).…”

“…Durante o processo de compra, os consumidores buscam informações da memória e do ambiente externo e processam e armazenam os resultados de sua compra em sua memória, para que estes sejam usados em outras compras similares. A presença de uma marca bem estabelecida no mercado, portanto, é uma forte influência na formulação das expectativas sensoriais dos consumidores, assim como em seu comportamento de escolha e compra e na sua aceitação (DELIZA;MACFIE, 1994;DI MONACO et al, 2004;JAEGER, 2006). O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a aceitação de diferentes marcas comerciais nacionais de cerveja do tipo Pilsen a partir de seus atributos sensoriais e da combinação destes com informações fornecidas na sua embalagem.…”