The Genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella

Manos, Jim; Belas, Robert

doi:10.1007/0-387-30746-x_12

Cited by 78 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 225 publications

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“…Morganella and Proteus were in greater abundance in the untreated group during late decomposition compared to both sterile soil group samples as well as day 0 untreated soil group samples. These proteobacterial genera include as taxa many potential decomposers that are ureolytic and saprophytic (30). Decomposition studies by Pechal et al and Hyde et al (6,8), however, showed that Proteobacteria in general declined and Firmicutes increased in abundance after rupture on swine carcasses and human cadavers, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate Decomposition Is Accelerated by Soil Microbes

Lauber

Metcalf

Keepers

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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f Carrion decomposition is an ecologically important natural phenomenon influenced by a complex set of factors, including temperature, moisture, and the activity of microorganisms, invertebrates, and scavengers. The role of soil microbes as decomposers in this process is essential but not well understood and represents a knowledge gap in carrion ecology. To better define the role and sources of microbes in carrion decomposition, lab-reared mice were decomposed on either (i) soil with an intact microbial community or (ii) soil that was sterilized. We characterized the microbial community (16S rRNA gene for bacteria and archaea, and the 18S rRNA gene for fungi and microbial eukaryotes) for three body sites along with the underlying soil (i.e., gravesoils) at time intervals coinciding with visible changes in carrion morphology. Our results indicate that mice placed on soil with intact microbial communities reach advanced stages of decomposition 2 to 3 times faster than those placed on sterile soil. Microbial communities associated with skin and gravesoils of carrion in stages of active and advanced decay were significantly different between soil types (sterile versus untreated), suggesting that substrates on which carrion decompose may partially determine the microbial decomposer community. However, the source of the decomposer community (soil-versus carcass-associated microbes) was not clear in our data set, suggesting that greater sequencing depth needs to be employed to identify the origin of the decomposer communities in carrion decomposition. Overall, our data show that soil microbial communities have a significant impact on the rate at which carrion decomposes and have important implications for understanding carrion ecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate Decomposition Is Accelerated by Soil Microbes

Lauber

Metcalf

Keepers

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…aeruginosa are all Gram-negative bacteria, while E. faecalis is Gram-positive. All of these species are opportunistic pathogens with broad host ranges, and all have the ability to infect humans (Devriese et al 2006;Manos & Belas 2006;Yaher & Parsek 2006). All bacterial cultures were grown overnight in Luria broth (LB) at 378C from a single bacterial colony.…”

Section: (B) Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female and male genetic contributions to post-mating immune defence in female Drosophila melanogaster

Short

Lazzaro

2010

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Post-mating reduction in immune defence is common in female insects, and a trade-off between mating and immunity could affect the evolution of immunity. In this work, we tested the capacity of virgin and mated female Drosophila melanogaster to defend against infection by four bacterial pathogens. We found that female D. melanogaster suffer post-mating immunosuppression in a pathogen-dependent manner. The effect of mating was seen after infection with two bacterial pathogens (Providencia rettgeri and Providencia alcalifaciens), though not after infection with two other bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). We then asked whether the evolution of post-mating immunosuppression is primarily a 'female' or 'male' trait by assaying for genetic variation among females for the degree of post-mating immune suppression they experience and among males for the level of post-mating immunosuppression they elicit in their mates. We also assayed for an interaction between male and female genotypes to test the specific hypothesis that the evolution of a trade-off between mating and immune defence in females might be being driven by sexual conflict. We found that females, but not males, harbour significant genetic variation for post-mating immunosuppression, and we did not detect an interaction between female and male genotypes. We thus conclude that post-mating immune depression is predominantly a 'female' trait, and find no evidence that it is evolving under sexual conflict.

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“…The O antigen facilitates swarming growth of the pathogens, enabling their expansion. It also plays an important role in biofilm formation (Manos & Belas, 2006;Ró żalski et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunochemical characterization of the O antigens of two Proteus strains, O8-related antigen of Proteus mirabilis 12 B-r and O2-related antigen of Proteus genomospecies 5/6 12 B-k, infecting a hospitalized patient in Poland

et al. 2016

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A hospitalized 73-year-old woman was infected with a Proteus mirabilis strain, 12 B-r, isolated from the place of injection of a blood catheter. Another strain, 12 B-k, recognized as Proteus genomospecies 5 or 6, was isolated from the patient's faeces, which was an example of a nosocomial infection rather than an auto-infection. Serological investigation using ELISA and Western blotting showed that strain 12 B-k from faeces belonged to the Proteus O2 serogroup. Strain 12 B-r from the wound displayed cross-reactions with several Proteus O serogroups due to common epitopes on the core or O-specific parts of the lipopolysaccharide. Studies of the isolated 12 B-r O-specific polysaccharide by NMR spectroscopy revealed its close structural similarity to that of Proteus O8. The only difference in 12 B-r was the presence of an additional GlcNAc-linked phosphoethanolamine residue, which creates a putative epitope responsible for the cross-reactivity with Pt. mirabilis O16. The new O-antigen form could appear as a result of adaptation of the bacterium to a changing environment. On the basis of the data obtained, we suggest division of the O8 serogroup into two subgroups: O8a for strains of various Proteus species that have been previously classified into the O8 serogroup, and O8a,b for Pt. mirabilis 12 B-r, where 'a' is a common epitope and 'b' is a phosphoethanolamine-associated epitope. These findings further confirm serological and structural heterogeneity of O antigens of Proteus strains isolated lately from patients in Poland.

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The Genera Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella

Cited by 78 publications

References 225 publications

Vertebrate Decomposition Is Accelerated by Soil Microbes

Vertebrate Decomposition Is Accelerated by Soil Microbes

Female and male genetic contributions to post-mating immune defence in female Drosophila melanogaster

Immunochemical characterization of the O antigens of two Proteus strains, O8-related antigen of Proteus mirabilis 12 B-r and O2-related antigen of Proteus genomospecies 5/6 12 B-k, infecting a hospitalized patient in Poland

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