The gene family encoding the mouse ribosomal protein L32 contains a uniquely expressed intron-containing gene and an unmutated processed gene

Dudov, K P; Perry, Robert P.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90376-3

Cited by 373 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Plasmid p106 is composed of an EcoRI-SmaI DNA segment derived from pSVOCAT containing the CAT gene linked to the simian virus 40 (SV40) splice and polyadenylation signals (7), inserted into the EcoRI-SmaI sites of pUC13. Various rpL32 DNA segments (4) were inserted at the multiple cloning site just upstream of the CAT sequences. For some rpL32-CAT constructs, appropriate rpL32 DNA fragments were made blunt with Klenow polymerase and inserted into the unique SmaI site in the p106 polylinker region.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of transcriptional regulatory elements and nuclear factor binding sites in mouse ribosomal protein gene rpL32.

Atchison¹,

Meyuhas²,

Perry³

1989

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The DNA sequences required for expression of the ribosomal protein gene rpL32 were identified by transient-expression assays of chimeric rpL32-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase genes. These studies showed that maximal rpL32 expression requires sequences in a 150-to 200-base-pair region spanning the transcriptional start site. Three discrete regions of importance were identified: one between positions -79 and -69 and two others located downstream of the transcriptional start site. Progressive 5' or 3' deletions caused stepwise decreases in expression, which suggested a complex interplay of redundant or compensatory elements. Gel mobility shift assays were used to idenfify trans-acting nuclear factors which bind to segments of the rpL32 promoter that are known to be important for transcription. Evidence for several distinct nuclear factors is presented. The binding sites for these factors were localized to the following regions: -79 to -69, -36 to -19, -19 to +11, +11 to +46 in exon I, and within the first 31 base pairs of intron 1. One of these factors may bind to multiple sites within the promoter region. Interestingly, the factor that binds to a sequence motif in the first exon also binds to similar motifs in a comparable region of the c-myc gene.The ribosomal proteins are structurally diverse and evolutionarily unrelated to each other, yet the genes that encode them are expressed with very similar efficiencies, as indicated by the relatively uniform abundance of various ribosomal protein mRNAs and by the similar RNA polymerase loading of different ribosomal protein genes (11, 12; D. E. Kelley and R. P. Perry, unpublished observations). What is the basis for this similarity? Presumably, the transcriptional efficiency of a ribosomal protein gene should ultimately be determined by the characteristics of its particular set of regulatory elements and by the cellular content of transacting factors that interact with these elements. To improve our understanding of these elements and factors, we have sought to define the DNA sequences that constitute the complete promoter of the ribosomal protein gene rpL32 and to identify the nuclear factors that bind to the functionally important sequences. Using a series of constructs in which selected portions of the rpL32 promoter region were linked to a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene, we observed that maximal expression requires sequences in a 150-to 200-base-pair (bp) region spanning the transcriptional start site, including sequences within exon I and intron 1. Moreover, we show that there are several discrete nuclear factor binding sites within this region, at least one of which recognizes a factor that is also bound by the myc gene promoter. These findings, together with previous and other parallel studies of rpL32 expression (2, 5; R. Moura-Neto, K. P. Dudov, and R. P. Perry, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, in press), have delineated the complex set of sequences that determine the efficiency of rpL32 transcription. The unusual organization of this promote...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of transcriptional regulatory elements and nuclear factor binding sites in mouse ribosomal protein gene rpL32.

Atchison¹,

Meyuhas²,

Perry³

1989

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…Because many mammalian ribosomal protein gene families contain large numbers (7-20) of pseudogenes and only a single expressed copy (Dudov and Perry 1984;Wiedemann and Perry 1984;Wagner and Perry 1985), we were interested in estimating how many S 14 gene copies were expressed in maize. Nine additional cDNA clones were isolated from a eDNA library constructed from 8-day postpollination endosperm RNA of the A188 inbred line (j. Hunsperger, D. Culley, I. Rubentein, and M. Brenner, unpubl.).…”

Section: The Maize S14 Ribosomal Protein Is Encoded By a Small Multigmentioning

confidence: 99%

The organization and expression of a maize ribosomal protein gene family.

Larkin¹,

Hunsperger

Culley

et al. 1989

Genes Dev.

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We have isolated several Zea mays cDNAs encoding the 40S subunit ribosomal protein S14. In maize, this ribosomal protein is encoded by a small multigene family, at least three members of which are expressed. S14 transcript levels are highest in mitotically active tissues, such as seedling shoot, developing endosperm, and tassel primordia, and lowest in tissues with little cell division, such as mature leaf and root. Very little S14 RNA is present in pollen, suggesting that translation of pollen mRNAs during pollen germination uses preformed ribosomes. During kernel development, the highest levels of S14 transcripts in endosperm tissue are found at 10-12 days postpollination; S14 RNA levels decline continuously from this point onward. The period of maximal expression of the S14 ribosomal protein gene appears to precede the onset of storage protein synthesis and does not correlate with the reported times of increased nucleolar volume or genome amplification.

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“…This observation has also been made for other r-protein genes [5,6]. Typically, mammals have a single expressed r-protein gene and various processed pseudogenes [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Gene structure and promoter function of a teleost ribosomal protein: a tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) L18 gene

Molina

Iyengar

Marins

et al. 2001

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expres

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We have cloned and characterized a tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) L18 ribosomal protein gene, including the complete transcribed region and 488 bp of upstream regulatory sequences. We have also isolated two L18 cDNAs from another tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with a few conservative nucleotide differences. Our results suggest the presence of two genes in both species. Reporter constructs were tested for transient expression in CV1 cells and in microinjected zebrafish and tilapia embryos. The tilapia L18 promoter was able to drive expression of the reporter gene in all three experiments, with no apparent preference for a particular tissue. The tilapia L18 promoter is therefore likely to be a powerful tool to drive tissue-independent gene expression in fish. ß

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The gene family encoding the mouse ribosomal protein L32 contains a uniquely expressed intron-containing gene and an unmutated processed gene

Cited by 373 publications

References 48 publications

Localization of transcriptional regulatory elements and nuclear factor binding sites in mouse ribosomal protein gene rpL32.

Localization of transcriptional regulatory elements and nuclear factor binding sites in mouse ribosomal protein gene rpL32.

The organization and expression of a maize ribosomal protein gene family.

Gene structure and promoter function of a teleost ribosomal protein: a tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) L18 gene

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