The gender- and fat depot-specific regulation of leptin, resistin and adiponectin genes expression by progesterone in rat

Characterization of adiponectin concentrations and molecular weight forms in serum, seminal plasma, and ovarian follicular fluid from cattle

“…In cattle, the serum concentrations of progesterone increase from estrus to Day 10 and then plateau until luteolysis, whereas appreciable increases of estradiol-17ß are limited to the time of estrus [38]. Increasing progesterone concentrations, although not assessed here, may be related to the decrease in serum AdipoQ on Day 10 of the estrous cycle because progesterone treatment decreases AdipoQ mRNA expression in the inguinal fat of female rats [39].…”

Zwiększone spożycie pokarmu jest związane ze zmianami ekspresji genów neuropeptydów w podwzgórzu samic szczura po podaniu progesteronu

“…The most important factor regulating hypothalamic neuropeptides mRNA abundance is circulating leptin [29,30]. We have shown previously that the concentration of plasma leptin in females treated with progesterone does not change despite an increase in leptin gene expression in inguinal adipose tissue [5]. We also observed no changes in serum concentrations of the other adipokines (such as adiponectin) or steroid hormones (cortisol and aldosterone) in progesterone treated animals (data not shown).…”

“…We have recently shown that progesterone influences metabolic and endocrine functions of white adipose tissue in female rats by regulating some genes expression [4,5]. We observed that progesteronetreated females, in contrast to males, eat more food than controls.…”

“…These animals, after hormone treatment, showed a higher increase in body weight and adipose tissue mass. Our recently published results indicate that the increase of white adipose tissue mass is associated with hypertrophy of inguinal adipocytes [5]. Starting from the eighth day of the experiment, the females examined ate more than the control animals (average about 2 grams per day).…”

“…It is well known that in pregnancy (upon high concentration of progesterone in blood) the most important regulatory process is the increase in appetite and food intake. It has also been observed that progesterone-treated animals eat more food [2,5,6], but the mechanism of progesterone action on food intake is still elusive. Under physiological conditions, across the ovarian cycle, female rats eat up to 25% less during the night of ovulation and oestrus (the day after progesterone release).…”