The gamma-ray telescope Gamma-1

Akimov, V. V.; Balebanov, V. M.; Belousov, A.; Blokhintsev, I. D.; Veselova, G. V.; Dobrijan, M. B.; Kalinkin, L. F.; Kovalenko, S.; Kozlov, V. D.; Leikov, N. G.; Mordvov, N. K.; Nagornih, Y. I.; Nesterov, V. E.; Prilutsky, O. F.; Prohin, V. L.; Rodin, V. G.; Tabaldiev, S. R.; Chuprov, V. N.; Fuks, V. I.; Герасимов, И. А.; Ovtchinnikov, V. S.; Poluektov, V. P.; Серов, А. В.; Tugaenko, V. Yu.; Kurnosova, L. V.; Rusakovich, M. A.; Topchiev, N. P.; Fradkin, M. I.; Bugakov, I. F.; Gorodinsky, G. M.; Chuikin, E. I.; Voronov, S. A.; Galper, A. M.; Grigoriev, V.; Guzenko, M. V.; Kirillov-Ugriumov, V. G.; Koldashov, S. V.; Korotkov, M.; Luchkov, B. I.; Моисеев, А. А.; Ozerov, Yu. V.; Popov, A.; Rudko, V. A.; Runtso, M. F.; Chesnokov, B. Yu.; Agrinier, B.; Bouere, A.; Gros, M.; Leray, J. P.; Leconte, Antoine; Massé, Pierre; Mougin, B.; Keirle, P.; Cretolle, J.; Paul, J.; Raviart, A.; Parlier, B.; Poiviller, M.; Hugot, C.; Soroka, F.; Serra, G.; Bazer‐Bachi, A. R.; Doulade, C.; Ducros, J.; Védrenne, G.; Cotin, F.; Lavigne, Y. M.; Mandrou, P.; Orsal, E.; Avignon, M.; Durand, J.; Joli, J. P.; Gardon, F.; Mouli, J.; Nobileau, M.; Fournier, D.

doi:10.1007/bf00173747

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Gamma-1 [6] was conceived based on an extended history of space-borne and balloon-borne small gamma-ray telescopes. The Gamma-1 main detector was a 12-layer stack of wide-gap optical spark chambers with geometrical area 50 cm × 50 cm (Fig.…”

Section: Second-generation Imaging Satellite Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pair Production Detectors for Gamma-ray Astrophysics

Thompson¹,

Moiseev²

2022

Preprint

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Electron-positron pair production is the essential process for high-energy γ-ray astrophysical observations. Following the pioneering OSO-3 counter telescope, the field evolved into use of particle tracking instruments, largely derived from highenergy physics detectors. Although many of the techniques were developed on balloon-borne γ-ray telescopes, the need to escape the high background in the atmosphere meant that the breakthrough discoveries came from the SAS-2 and COS-B satellites. The next major pair production success was EGRET on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, which provided the first all-sky map at energies above 100 MeV and found a variety of γ-ray sources, many of which were variable. The current generation of pair production telescopes, AGILE and Fermi LAT, have broadened high-energy γ-ray astrophysics with particular emphasis on multiwavelength and multimessenger studies. A variety of options remain open for future missions based on pair production with improved instrumental performance.

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Section: Second-generation Imaging Satellite Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pair Production Detectors for Gamma-ray Astrophysics

Thompson¹,

Moiseev²

2022

Preprint

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“…The existing experimental data in the energy range of 0.04 -200 MeV come from satellites covering a large range of adiabatic variables [Voronov et al, 1986[Voronov et al, , 1987Galper et al, 1986;Akimov et al, 1987;Heynderickx et al, 1996].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data were accumulated by different satellites (Proton, Cosmos, Salyut, Gamma series) and MIR [Averin et al, 1988;Galper et al, 1996;Galper et al, 1986;Akimov et al, 1987;Voronov et al, 1987]. The satellites, with orbital altitudes ranging between 300 and 1000 km, collected data both inside and outside the SAA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptons with energy >200 MeV trapped near the South Atlantic Anomaly

et al. 2003

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“…[2] Evidence for high-energy (up to a few hundred MeV) electrons and positrons trapped below the Inner Van Allen Belts has been published during the last 20 years. The existing experimental data in the energy range of 0.04 -200 MeV come from satellites covering a large range of adiabatic variables [Voronov et al, 1987;Galper et al, 1986;Akimov et al, 1987;Heynderickx et al, 1996]. Additional information, at relatively higher energies, is furnished by balloon-borne experiments [Verma, 1967;Barwick et al, 1998]; however, these data cover a more limited spatial range and have larger uncertanties due to the shorter exposure times and the presence of background from atmospheric showers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] At higher energies the existing data come from measurements carried out by the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute. These data, taken at altitudes ranging from 300 to 1000 km with different instruments placed on satellites and the Mir station [Voronov et al, 1987;Galper et al, 1986;Akimov et al, 1987], established the existence of O(100 MeV) trapped leptons both in the Inner Van Allen Belts (stably trapped) and in the region below (quasi-trapped), and they determined their charge composition [Averin et al, 1988;Galper et al, 1996]. At these altitudes the shell structure is strongly distorted in the vicinity of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), and consequently the observations are sensitive to different regions of trapped particles: the Inner Van Allen belts over the SAA and quasi-trapping belts outside of the SAA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptons with E > 200 MeV trapped in the Earth's radiation belts

Fiandrini¹

2002

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] For the first time, accurate measurements of electron and positron fluxes in the energy range 0.2 -10 GeV have been performed with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) at altitudes of 370 -390 km in the geographic latitude interval ±51.7°. We describe the observed under-cutoff lepton fluxes outside the region of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The separation in quasi-trapped, long-lifetime (O(10 s)), and albedo, short-lifetime (O(100 ms)), components is explained in terms of the drift shell populations observed by AMS. A significantly higher relative abundance of positrons with respect to electrons is seen in the quasi-trapped population. The flux maps as a function of the canonical adiabatic variables L, a 0 are presented for the interval 0.95 < L < 3, 0°< a 0 < 90°f or electrons (E < 10 GeV) and positrons (E < 3 GeV). The results are compared to existing data at lower energies. The properties of the observed under-cutoff particles are also investigated in terms of their residence times and geographical origin.

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The gamma-ray telescope Gamma-1

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Pair Production Detectors for Gamma-ray Astrophysics

Pair Production Detectors for Gamma-ray Astrophysics

Leptons with energy >200 MeV trapped near the South Atlantic Anomaly

Leptons with E > 200 MeV trapped in the Earth's radiation belts

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