The future of the artificial kidney

Nagasubramanian, Santhosh

doi:10.4103/iju.iju_273_21

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It is socially obtrusive to the patient, necessitating them to take several days out of the week to undergo a long treatment using bulky equipment requiring significant water and electricity supply. Also, because it only occurs 3 days a week, it is at best a very imperfect approximation of the continuously functioning normal kidneys [ 64 ]. Thus, current hemodialysis modalities cannot be considered green techniques and are associated with dismal outcomes [ 6 ].…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel strategies in nephrology: what to expect from the future?

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Yavuz

et al. 2022

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) will become the 5th global case of death by 2040. Its largest impact is on premature mortality but the number of persons with kidney failure require kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is also increasing dramatically. Current KRT is suboptimal due to the shortage of kidney donors and dismal outcomes associated with both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Kidney care needs a revolution. In this review, we provide an update on emerging knowledge and technologies that will allow an earlier diagnosis of CKD, addressing the current so-called blind spot (e.g. imaging and biomarkers) and improve renal replacement therapies (wearable artificial kidneys, xenotransplantation, stem cell-derived therapies, bioengineered and bio-artificial kidneys).

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Section: Novel Therapeutic Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel strategies in nephrology: what to expect from the future?

Çöpür

Tanrıöver

Yavuz

et al. 2022

Clinical Kidney Journal

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“…The applications of BAM technology range from organ-on-chip devices to blood purification systems to cell culture, single-cell analysis, high-throughput drug screening, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, wound healing, bioartificial organ (BAO) development and others . For instance, chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients rely on dialysis using membrane technology to compensate for the reduced function of their own kidney . Researchers have investigated different designs on silicone-based nanoporous membranes to simulate a kidney system where separation and biological function was restored .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 6 For instance, chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients rely on dialysis using membrane technology to compensate for the reduced function of their own kidney. 7 Researchers have investigated different designs on silicone-based nanoporous membranes to simulate a kidney system where separation and biological function was restored. 8 Additionally, BAMs have been used in extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (ECMOs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Engineering of a Bioartificial Membrane for Its Application in Bioengineering Devices

et al. 2023

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Membrane technology is playing a crucial role in cutting-edge innovations in the biomedical field. One such innovation is the surface engineering of a membrane for enhanced longevity, efficient separation, and better throughput. Hence, surface engineering is widely used while developing membranes for its use in bioartificial organ development, separation processes, extracorporeal devices, etc. Chemical-based surface modifications are usually performed by functional group/biomolecule grafting, surface moiety modification, and altercation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. Further, creation of micro/nanogrooves, pillars, channel networks, and other topologies is achieved to modify physio-mechanical processes. These surface modifications facilitate improved cellular attachment, directional migration, and communication among the neighboring cells and enhanced diffusional transport of nutrients, gases, and waste across the membrane. These modifications, apart from improving functional efficiency, also help in overcoming fouling issues, biofilm formation, and infection incidences. Multiple strategies are adopted, like lysozyme enzymatic action, topographical modifications, nanomaterial coating, and antibiotic/antibacterial agent doping in the membrane to counter the challenges of biofilm formation, fouling challenges, and microbial invasion. Therefore, in the current review, we have comprehensibly discussed different types of membranes, their fabrication and surface modifications, antifouling/ antibacterial strategies, and their applications in bioengineering. Thus, this review would benefit bioengineers and membrane scientists who aim to improve membranes for applications in tissue engineering, bioseparation, extra corporeal membrane devices, wound healing, and others.

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