The Future of Industrial Societies

Kerr, Clark

doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674497627

Cited by 230 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…"In a more highly competitive industrial world where the technology is potentially nearly identical, where physical resources are distributed in world-wide markets, and where industrialism has left much the same imprint on many societies, what once may have seemed like small differences may have big results" (Kerr, 1983). For the doyen of American modernization theory, industrial relations are one of these small differences that bear large consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural explanations hold that national differences become less pronounced with "modernization", though the path and speed of convergence may vary across countries (Kerr et al, 1960). The observed divergence in patterns of industrial relations, union organization and industrial conflict is interpreted as an exception to convergence rather than as a challenge to the assumption of a universalistic logic (Kaelble, 1987;Kerr, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When Institutions Matter:Union Growth and Decline in Western Europe, 1950-1995

Ebbinghaus

Visser

1999

European Sociological Review

321

244

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During the early post-war period, Western trade union movements grew in membership and achieved an institutionalized role in industrial relations and politics. However, during the last decades, many trade unions have seen their membership decline as they came increasingly under pressures due to the social, economic and political changes. This article reviews the main structural, cyclical and institutional factors explaining union growth and decline. Concentrating on Western Europe, the empirical analysis compares cross-national union density data for 13 countries over the first period and for 16 countries over the second, "crisis" period . The quantitative correlation and regression analysis indicates that structural and cyclical factors fail explain the level and changes in unionization across Western Europe, while institutional variables fare better. In a second, qualitative comparative analysis, the authors stress the need to explain cross-national differences in the level or trend of unionization by a set of institutional arrangements: the access of unions to representation in the workplace, the availability of a selective incentive in the form of a union-administered unemployment scheme, recognition of employers through nation-wide and sectoral corporatist institutions, and closed shop arrangements for forced membership. Such institutional configurations support membership recruitment and membership retention, and define the conditions for the strategic choice of trade unions in responding to structural social-economic, political and cultural changes. Acknowledgement

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Institutions Matter:Union Growth and Decline in Western Europe, 1950-1995

Ebbinghaus

Visser

1999

European Sociological Review

321

244

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There have inevitably been debates about the applicability of standard social class measures in central and eastern Europe. In these debates, some of the early commentators argued that class inequalities in central and eastern Europe were less prominent (e.g., Ossowski 1963;Wesolowski [1966] 1977), others proposed class schemes that took into account the putatively special features of class systems in central and eastern Europe (e.g., Parkin 1971;Lipset and Dobson 1973;Konrad and Szelenyi 1979;Strmiska 1987;Kolosi 1988), and yet others asserted that processes of industrialization and modernization produced occupational and status structures similar to those in established market economies (Kerr 1983;Hoffman and Laird 1982). The latter position has considerable evidence behind it.…”

Section: Data and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding Walls: Market Transition and Social Mobility in the Post-Socialist Societies of Europe

Jackson¹,

Evans²

2017

SocScience

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Abstract:We ask whether the transition from socialism to the market is consequential for social mobility, and, by implication, the permeability of class structures. While the short-term effects of market transition on patterns of social mobility have been documented for a small number of countries, we are able to examine the long-term effects of market transition for a group of 13 central and eastern European (CEE) countries. Only in the longer term can we properly appreciate the settled effects of transition on the distribution of resources, the organization of class and economic structures, and the transmission of inequalities across generations. We use data drawn from nationally representative cross-national surveys of CEE countries to compare patterns of social mobility in the early 1990s with those in the late 2000s. We find a significant decline in relative social mobility between the two periods and show that this decline is a consistent feature of mobility patterns across the region. We argue that changes in the institutions that regulate the transfer of capital across generations are likely to explain why the move from socialism to the market is associated with declining levels of social fluidity.

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“…This revised version, known as the Featherman-Jones-Hauser hypothesis, has been supported by Erikson et al (1982), McRoberts and Selbee (1981), Hope (1982), Portocarero (1983), Häuser (1983), Grusky and Hauser (1984), 4 Erikson and Goldthorpe (1987a, 1987b, 1988a, and Jones and Davis (1986). The findings of these researchers 5 seem to suggest a large 3 For a discussion of the 'Six competing laws of motion' see Kerr (1983) and Lipset and Zetterberg (1966). 4 Grusky and Häuser, for instance, conclude their reanalysis of the Hazelrigg and Gamier data with the statement that "not only one simple model, quasi-perfect mobility, fit all of these data satisfactorily, but its coefficients do not vary greatly between countries.…”

Section: Cross-national Research On Mobility Patternsmentioning

confidence: 98%