The Future of Genomic Medicine Involves the Maintenance of Sirtuin 1 in Global Populations

Martins, Ian James

doi:10.15406/ijmboa.2017.02.00013

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Sirt 1 takes part in the regulation of kinds of physiological functions, for example, inflammatory response, gene transcription, and oxidative stress. − It can affect the level of oxidation and inflammation of the body by deacetylation to many transcription factors, such as Nrf2 and NF-κB. In this study, SPG pretreatment obviously increased Sirt 1 expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from the Root of Panax ginseng on Fulminant Liver Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine

Wang

Zhang²,

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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It is reported that sesquiterpenoids from Panax ginseng (SPG) possess various pharmacological activities, for example, antidepressant, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to examine the hepatoprotective effects of SPG (2.5 and 10 mg/kg, i.g.) on fulminant liver injury induced by d-galactosamine (d-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and discuss its mechanisms of action. After 24 h of d-GalN (400 mg/kg, i.p.) and LPS (25 μg/kg, i.p.) exposure, the serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level, hepatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), and hepatic tissue histology were measured. Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), sirtuin type 1 (Sirt 1), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were determined by western blotting. The results indicated that SPG evidently restrained the increase of serum ALT and AST levels induced by d-GalN/LPS. SPG obviously downregulated TNF-α and IL-1β levels and their mRNA expression in liver. In addition, d-GalN/LPS injection induced severe oxidative stress in liver by boosting the MDA level as well as decreasing CAT, GSH, and SOD capacities, and SPG reversed these changes. Meanwhile, SPG inhibited NF-κB activation induced by d-GalN/LPS and upregulated Sirt 1, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression levels. Therefore, SPG might protect against the fulminant liver injury induced by d-GalN/LPS via inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. The protective effect of SPG on fulminant liver injury induced by d-GalN/LPS might be mediated by the Sirt 1/Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway. All of these results implied that SPG might be a promising food additive and therapeutic agent for fulminant liver injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from the Root of Panax ginseng on Fulminant Liver Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine

Wang

Zhang²,

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…In addition, a small molecule APOE4− targeted therapeutic candidate that normalizes sirtuin 1 levels and improves cognition in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model 54 , suggesting the potential APOE4 and Sirt1 pathways. It is worth nothing that Sirt1 was recently reported that playing critical role to preventing autoimmunity and participate in sepsis progress 55,56 . Sirt 1 is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent class III histone deacetylase (HDAC) that targets nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), a critical transcription factor in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production to adapt gene expression to metabolic activity [57][58][59] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of the apolipoprotein E-ε4 allele is associated with an increased risk of sepsis progression

Shao

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Growing evidence indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are related to increase the risk of many inflammatory-related diseases. However, few genetic studies have associated the APOE gene polymorphism with sepsis. This study was to investigate the clinical relevance of the APOE gene polymorphism in the onset and progression of sepsis. A multicenter case–control association study with a large sample size (601 septic patients and 699 healthy individuals) was conducted. Clinical data showed that the APOEε4 allele was overrepresented among all patients with septic shock (p = 0.031) compared with sepsis subtype, suggesting that APOEε4 allele may associated with increased susceptibility to the progression of sepsis. Moreover, the APOE mRNA levels decreased after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in cells in culture. Then 21 healthy individuals to extract PBMC for genotype grouping (APOE4+ group 8; APOE4− group 13) was selected to evaluate the effect on APOE level, and results showed that the expression level of APOE in APOE4+ group and APOE4− group did not differ in mRNA levels after an LPS challenge, but the protein levels in APOE4+ group decreased slower than that in APOE4− group, and this process was accompanied by the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. These results provide evidence that the APOEε4 allele might be associated with the development of sepsis and a potential risk factor that can be used in the prognosis of sepsis.

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Impact of Gut Microbiome Lactobacillus spp. in Brain Function and its Medicament towards Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis

John¹,

Chandrapragasam²,

Dey³

2021

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Alzheimer’s disease is neurodegenerative dementia which has significant health complications in the old age group. An imbalance in gut microbiota can influence to cause several diseases like chronic disorders, depression, type II diabetics, and neurological disorders like AD. Aging is one of the major causes of the development of neurodegenerative disease due to the decreasing levels of neurotransmitters, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and apoptosis. These harmful effects of aging can be prevented by probiotics usage. The gut-microbiota is capable to control the brain function through the gut-brain axis. Lactobacillus strains are considered as beneficial microorganism because of its importance of the maintenance in healthy intestinal microflora, immunomodulation, and intestinal pathogenic intervention. They have diverse applications in the medical field with properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic activities. Probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus strains shows an optimistic trend to use it as a significant therapy for cognitive symptoms. This review article put forwards the significance of the gut-brain axis and the contribution of Lactobacillus strains as a probiotic supplement and its therapeutic innovations for future aspects and the limitation to treat AD-related pathogenesis are briefly elucidated.

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The Future of Genomic Medicine Involves the Maintenance of Sirtuin 1 in Global Populations

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from the Root of Panax ginseng on Fulminant Liver Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine

Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from the Root of Panax ginseng on Fulminant Liver Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine

Presence of the apolipoprotein E-ε4 allele is associated with an increased risk of sepsis progression

Impact of Gut Microbiome Lactobacillus spp. in Brain Function and its Medicament towards Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis

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