Alzheimer’s disease is neurodegenerative dementia which has significant health complications in the old age group. An imbalance in gut microbiota can influence to cause several diseases like chronic disorders, depression, type II diabetics, and neurological disorders like AD. Aging is one of the major causes of the development of neurodegenerative disease due to the decreasing levels of neurotransmitters, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and apoptosis. These harmful effects of aging can be prevented by probiotics usage. The gut-microbiota is capable to control the brain function through the gut-brain axis. Lactobacillus strains are considered as beneficial microorganism because of its importance of the maintenance in healthy intestinal microflora, immunomodulation, and intestinal pathogenic intervention. They have diverse applications in the medical field with properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic activities. Probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus strains shows an optimistic trend to use it as a significant therapy for cognitive symptoms. This review article put forwards the significance of the gut-brain axis and the contribution of Lactobacillus strains as a probiotic supplement and its therapeutic innovations for future aspects and the limitation to treat AD-related pathogenesis are briefly elucidated.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Inflammatory injury and oxidative stress have been a hallmark for AD due to free radical production. The main objective of the present study is to identify the compounds having good antioxidant properties from Lactobacillus plantarum and its effect on neuronal cells. L. plantarum strain was cultured in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium supplemented with cinnamon and pantothenic acid (40 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml). Solvent extraction (ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether, and hexane) was done in the supernatant and tested for in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H 2 O 2 scavenging activity, and H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity assessment in PC12 cell lines. The results obtained from the study showed that all the extracts have good antioxidant activity. It was observed that the stress-induced PC12 cell lines showed maximum protection of cells in the Media D (chloroform) extract, the IC 50 value was recorded as 23.71 µg/ml. Similarly, all solvent extracts showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH assay with IC 50 value ranging from 23.59 to 106.8 µg/ml and IC 50 value in H 2 O 2 scavenging assay ranging from 37.39 to 107.7 µg/ml. Referring to the complex multifactorial etiology of AD, the findings from our work exhibited remarkable potentials of antioxidants activity.
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