“…This forum became FSAN. For a fuller account of the beginnings of the FSAN initiative see Reference [9]. In recent years PON systems have continued to be developed, largely along FSAN guidelines and mainly in the small/start-up company arena.…”
Section: Brief History Of Fibre In Accessmentioning
“…This forum became FSAN. For a fuller account of the beginnings of the FSAN initiative see Reference [9]. In recent years PON systems have continued to be developed, largely along FSAN guidelines and mainly in the small/start-up company arena.…”
Section: Brief History Of Fibre In Accessmentioning
“…Time-division multiplexed (TDM) PONs (Figure 1a) are the most developed solution (Faulkner, 1997). The TDM multiple access protocol required to manage the upstream traffic is implemented by electronic equipment located in the network terminations.…”
Section: A Perspective On Optical Networkmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While in the case of the cell dispatcher technology and system aspects are more interesting, the cell multiplexer behavior should be analyzed from a network performance point of view. In order do this we chose as a reference the TDM PON model defined in (Faulkner, 1997), which is also compliant to the standard draft (ITU-T 50-E). In this model an ATM upstream traffic is managed by means of a multiple access protocol called Global FIFO, implemented by electronic equipment located both in the central office and in the user network terminations (Optical Network Units, or ONUs).…”
The contribute reviews aspects of the interaction between the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) technology and the optical technologies. ATM for broadband networks presents some issues which result appealing for an optical approach. Some of them consist in the possibility of implementing ultra-high velocity ATM protocol functionality, in the development of freespace packet switching networks, in the solution of the access contentions to a shared transmission resource by deploying the wavelength resource. On the other hand, the development of the optical layer gives the transmission bandwidth availability which forecasts a larger penetration of A TM even at the network edge.In the communication some examples of the ATMJoptics interaction will be given. In particular it will be shown how to implement optically two basic functions of the ATM protocol, that is the Header Error Control and the Traffic Policing. Also, the interaction between a remote A TM network and the access network will be object of the presentation.
“…The first distribution section (D1) connects the AS to a number of passive splitting units (SU), which in turn are connected to the ONUs by the second distribution section (D2). ONUs may be located in a fiber-to-the-home/premises (FTTH/P) configuration or in a curb unit concentrating several subscribers (FTTC) with a very high bit rate digital subscriber loop (VDSL) copper drop to the network termination (NT) in each home [4]. A possible evolution scenario from the current telephony network toward SuperPON based ultrabroad-band access networks is presented in [10].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Data rates of 2.5 Gb/s downstream and 311 Mb/s upstream were chosen for the trial network, enabling a broadband service basket to be offered to a total of 15 000 living units [3] [passed in a fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) configuration]. The transport system is based on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cells using time division multiplexing (TDM) downstream and time division multiple access (TDMA) upstream, similar to the more conventional APON (ATM over PON) systems being considered within the Full Services Access Network (FSAN) initiative [4]. The challenges of developing a medium access control (MAC) protocol for such a large PON are described in [5].…”
Abstract-High splitting, optically amplified, passive optical networks (SuperPONs) are investigated in terms of redundancy provision and protection mechanisms. Options for redundancy, including the important special case of dual homing, are detailed, and it is determined as to which of these options (duplication of the feeder and first distribution section, and + 1 protection of the optical amplifiers in the amplified splitter) would be required to be provided to all attached users to facilitate appropriate availability of the basic telephony service. The distributed amplified splitter dual homing solution is found to outperform the single amplified splitter solution in terms of its survivability. The protection mechanisms necessary to automatically switch to the redundant provision are discussed and it is seen that with the aid of suitable regular precautionary procedures protection switching can generally be provided rapidly ( 50 ms). Finally an availability, and cost versus availability, study confirms the aforementioned redundancy assessment for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) implementations, but shows fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) as needing additional redundancy.
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