The Frequency and Correlates of Sleep Paralysis in a University Sample

Spaños, Nicholas P.; McNulty, Stacey A.; DuBreuil, Susan C.; Pires, Martha; Burgess, Melissa F.

doi:10.1006/jrpe.1995.1017

Cited by 87 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…The reported incidence of SP among the student sample was consistent with proportions reported in recent comparable studies (Cheyne, Newby-Clark, & Rueffer, in press;Spanos, McNulty, DuBreuil, Pires, & Burgess, 1995). Participants from the WWW sample reported that they were much more frightened by the experience than were those from the student sample.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Hypnagogic and Hypnopompic Hallucinations during Sleep Paralysis: Neurological and Cultural Construction of the Night-Mare

Cheyne

Rueffer

Newby‐Clark

1999

Consciousness and Cognition

199

155

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Hypnagogic and Hypnopompic Hallucinations during Sleep Paralysis: Neurological and Cultural Construction of the Night-Mare

Cheyne

Rueffer

Newby‐Clark

1999

Consciousness and Cognition

199

155

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“…In the present survey of Cambodian patients, the SP episodes were: (1) long in duration, (2) almost always accompanied by visual hallucinations of an approaching figure, (3) always associated with PAs, and (4) always followed by PAs, which were often prolonged. Spanos et al [1995] present a salience hypothesis to explain varying rates of SP and associated symptoms in different groups. For certain groups, SP may receive greater cultural elaboration, so that it and associated symptoms take on greater salience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep paralysis among Cambodian refugees: association with PTSD diagnosis and severity

et al. 2005

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Among Cambodian refugees attending a psychiatric clinic (n=100), 49% (49/100) had at least one episode of sleep paralysis (SP) in the previous 12 months. The annual and monthly SP prevalences were much higher in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than in non-PTSD patients. Among the PTSD patients, 65% (30/46) had monthly episodes of SP versus 14.85% (8/54) among non-PTSD patients (chi2[2, n=100]=26.78, P<.001). Moreover, patients with SP in the last month (n=30) versus those without SP had much higher PTSD severity scores. In the entire sample (n=100), the PTSD severity scores correlated significantly with the rate of SP in the last month. During SP, Cambodian refugees usually hallucinated an approaching figure (90%, 44/49). The rate of SP-associated and post-SP panic attacks was high, indicating the great distress caused by the phenomenon. SP seems to be a core aspect of the Cambodian refugee's response to trauma. When treating Cambodian refugees, and traumatized refugees in general, clinicians should assess for its presence.

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“…22 We divided the participants into three groups; the evening type (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), the neutral type (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) and the morning type (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) according to their M-E scores. There are no significant differences among the three types in dream frequency, contents of dream, intensity and duration of memory of dreams (χ 2 -test: P >0.5).…”

Section: Correlations Between Circadian Typology Dreaming Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological studies on dreams, sleep habits and mental symptoms in students aged 18?25�years and the 24 hour a day commercialization of Japanese society (1)

2006

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The relationship of dream frequency and dream contents during night sleep and dream memory to sleep habits, circadian typologies and mental symptoms and also to the 24-h society was studied in Japanese students. A morningness-eveningness questionnaire by Torsvall and Åkerstedt and another questionnaire to elicit the relationship between sleep habits, mental symptoms (depression, irritability and anger), dreaming (frequency, contents, duration and tendency to remember dreams) and the 24 h a day commercialization of Japanese society (using convenience stores open for 24 h a day and mobile phones, and watching midnight TV) were administered to 461 students attending university or medical training schools (senior students, nurses and physical and occupational therapists aged 18-25) in the Kochi Prefecture, 33°N. Students who dreamt frequently had more difficulty in waking up and felt irritation and depression more frequently than those who did not. Students who had negative dreams (in which they were frightened, sad, lonely and angry) felt depressed or were easily and unreasonably angered more frequently than those who had positive (happy) dreams. The frequent use of convenience stores and personal computers was positively correlated to frequent dreaming. Students who watched midnight TV suffered sleep paralysis more frequently than those who did not. Frequent negative dreams and the frequent occurrence of sleep paralysis, both of which might be triggered by the 24 h a day commercialization of Japanese society may be linked to the worse mental health of older Japanese students.Key words: 24 h a day society, dreaming by Japanese students aged 18-25 years, mental health, morningness-eveningness, sleep habits.Dreams and sleep habits of 18-25-year-old students

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The Frequency and Correlates of Sleep Paralysis in a University Sample

Cited by 87 publications

References 0 publications

Hypnagogic and Hypnopompic Hallucinations during Sleep Paralysis: Neurological and Cultural Construction of the Night-Mare

Hypnagogic and Hypnopompic Hallucinations during Sleep Paralysis: Neurological and Cultural Construction of the Night-Mare

Sleep paralysis among Cambodian refugees: association with PTSD diagnosis and severity

Epidemiological studies on dreams, sleep habits and mental symptoms in students aged 18?25�years and the 24 hour a day commercialization of Japanese society (1)

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