Sleep paralysis among Cambodian refugees: association with PTSD diagnosis and severity

Hinton, Devon E.; Pich, Vuth; Chhean, Dara; Pollack, Mark H.; McNally, Richard J.

doi:10.1002/da.20084

Cited by 82 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…8 Among a psychiatric population of Cambodian refugees 42% had experienced sleep paralysis at least once in the previous year. 10 This study has shown that ISP is common among the groups studied. The association between ISP and anxiety suggests that ISP poses a public health concern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…7 Among a psychiatric population of Cambodian refugees, 42% had had at least one episode of ISP in the previous year. 10 In an earlier study in Nigeria there was no significant difference in the prevalence of ISP between workers and students. ISP was significantly associated with high scores in the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and life events.…”

Section: Conclusion This Study Suggests That Although Isp Occurs Inmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…10 It has also been found to be common among psychiatric patients. 7 Among a psychiatric population of Cambodian refugees, 42% had had at least one episode of ISP in the previous year.…”

Section: Conclusion This Study Suggests That Although Isp Occurs Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ISP was significantly associated with high scores in the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and life events. There are a number of published studies on the association between sleep paralysis and adverse psychosocial situations, 6,[9][10][11] but to our knowledge none so far has investigated the prevalence of sleep paralysis among orthopaedic inpatients and patients with multiple somatic complaints.…”

Section: Conclusion This Study Suggests That Although Isp Occurs Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep Paralysis and psychopathology

Mume

Ikem

2009

S. Afr. J. Psych.

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Studies have reported a wide range in the prevalence of ISP. [5][6][7] This variation may stem from cultural factors and genetic differences in the populations studied. 6 It may also be due to differences in the methodologies of the studies. It is said that about 30 -50% of healthy individuals experience at least one episode of ISP in their lifetime, 5 although lower prevalence rates have been reported. In one study 7 it was found that as few as 5.7 -6.7% of the sample had experienced at least one episode of ISP in their lifetime. InNigeria it was found that 35.5% of subjects studied reported having ISP at least twice in the previous year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Conclusion This Study Suggests That Although Isp Occurs Inmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…10 It has also been found to be common among psychiatric patients. 7 Among a psychiatric population of Cambodian refugees, 42% had had at least one episode of ISP in the previous year.…”

Section: Conclusion This Study Suggests That Although Isp Occurs Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion This Study Suggests That Although Isp Occurs Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sleep Paralysis and psychopathology

Mume

Ikem

2009

S. Afr. J. Psych.

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“…Botkin, personal communication, May 15, 2006). His observation was recently confirmed by researchers who found, among Cambodian refugees attending an American psychiatric clinic, a significantly higher incidence of sleep paralysis among those with PTSD compared to those without it (Hinton, Pich, Chhean, Pollack, and McNally, 2005). These patients' sleep paralysis experiences usually included the other feature of REM intrusion, visual falling-asleep and waking-up hallucinations.…”

Section: Composition Of Participant Groupsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Does the arousal system contribute to near-death and out-of-body experiences? A summary and response.

2007

JNDS

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In April 2006, an important article appeared in a respected medical journal suggesting a relationship between near-death experiences (NDEs) and the body's arousal system, specifically the phenomenon of rapid eye movement (REM) intrusion. In March 2007, the same authors published another article in the same journal, expanding on the previous article's findings and suggesting a relationship between out-of-body experiences (OBEs) and the arousal system. These articles presented lines of evidence and a study to support the hypothesized relationship. In this paper, we acknowledge the viability and potential value of the hypothesis underlying both articles, but identify substantial weaknesses in both the presented lines of evidence and the studies. We conclude with recommendations for future research that would address the hypothesis and would promote a better overall understanding of NDEs and OBEs. Neurology is one of the largest and most respected journals devoted to medical research on the human nervous system. Nelson, the first author of both articles, is a nationally known neurologist. The articles received a lot of media coverage, and despite the authors' diligent efforts to present their study's findings in a balanced manner, the media often inflated those findings beyond what Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt claimed, especially after publication of the first article. For these reasons, a clear understanding of the articles is important both to interested members of the public and to the scholarly field of near-death studies.These articles and their findings were somewhat complex. To help explain them, we first provide some important background information, including a summary of the articles, and then provide our response to them.The first article, by Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt, addressing a possible relationship between near-death experiences (NDEs) and rapid eye movement (REM) intrusion, was longer and more detailed, and its concepts underlay the conclusions of the second article. That extensive first article included some detailed discussions of neurological pathways, listing 91 references. We will not address the neurological pathway discussions. Instead, we will focus primarily on those points we consider most relevant to an understanding of the relationship between NDEs, out-of-body experiences (OBEs), and REM intrusion, a phenomenon we will explain below.We want to say at the outset that we respect and appreciate the contribution Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt have made to the field of near-death studies. They raised a plausible hypothesis. Although we found much to criticize in their methods and findings, we do not want that criticism to be interpreted as lack of regard for them or their efforts. Our heartfelt goal is to encourage future excellent research on NDEs and to encourage open and respectful dialogue.Journal of Near-Death Studies ndst-25-03-02.3d 18/4

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High‐Reactive Temperament, Behavioral Inhibition, and Vulnerability to Psychopathology

Kagan

2017

Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Third Edition

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Sleep paralysis among Cambodian refugees: association with PTSD diagnosis and severity

Cited by 82 publications

References 18 publications

Sleep Paralysis and psychopathology

Sleep Paralysis and psychopathology

Does the arousal system contribute to near-death and out-of-body experiences? A summary and response.

High‐Reactive Temperament, Behavioral Inhibition, and Vulnerability to Psychopathology

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