The freezing resistance of the arctic subtidal isopod,Mesidotea entomon (Linnaeus, 1758)

Present-day brackish-water areas contain a variety of animal species with differing abilities to adapt to dilute media and many studies on the mechanisms of adaptation to dilute media have been made using these species. However, many of these areas are unstable in composition, small in volume and geologically transitory and thus hardly present a likely avenue for large-scale evolutionary processes. Many of these areas are relatively poor in numbers of species and this can be interpreted as indicating that speciation has not proceeded to equilibrium. Large-scale and geologically long-lived brackish-water areas, resulting from continental drift, such as the Sarmatic Sea, may have provided the main types of situation in which the evolution of brackish- and fresh-water faunas has occurred and from where species have become dispersed into present-day localized niches.

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Fish Skin: An Effective Barrier to Ice Crystal Propagation

Valerio

Kao

Fletcher

1992

Journal of Experimental Biology

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It has been well established that antifreeze peptides are responsible for the ability of many marine teleosts to survive in icy sea water at temperatures below the colligative freezing points of their blood. However, the in vivo site of antifreeze action has yet to be determined. One current hypothesis, the ‘ice-exclusion hypothesis’, suggests that antifreeze proteins act within epithelial membranes (skin, gills, gut) and block the entry of external ice crystals. This hypothesis was examined by measuring ice propagation temperatures across isolated skin samples from the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). The results obtained were consistent with the hypothesis, indicating that fish skin is an effective barrier to ice propagation and that the effectiveness of this barrier improves with the addition of antifreeze proteins. The results also demonstrated that the skin ice propagation temperatures were substantially lower than the lethal freezing temperatures of the fish. Therefore, some other epithelial tissue (possible gill) must be less effective than the skin in blocking ice crystal penetration into the fish

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The freezing resistance of the arctic subtidal isopod,Mesidotea entomon (Linnaeus, 1758)

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Cuticular surface structures in glyptonotus antarcticus — a marine isopod from the Ross Sea (Antarctica)

Cuticular surface structures in glyptonotus antarcticus — a marine isopod from the Ross Sea (Antarctica)

Osmotic regulation and the evolution of brackish- and fresh-water faunas

Fish Skin: An Effective Barrier to Ice Crystal Propagation

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