The Frankfurt School's “Nietzschean Moment”

Freedom Above Things: Nietzsche and the Artistic Critique of Capitalism

“…The Nietzschean concern with agency and liberation can itself serve as an important corrective to the tendencies within Marxism toward economism and a deterministic structuralism. This was, I would suggest, what Theodor Adorno meant in the same exchange when he distinguished Marx from Nietzsche insofar as Nietzsche is concerned with the ‘totality of happiness incarnate’ (Wiggershaus, 2001: 147).…”

“…The corrective they apply to it is precisely to supplement its artistic critique with a social dimension and thereby divest it of its aristocratic elitism, to recognize, as Max Horkheimer did in a 1942 exchange among Frankfurt School exiles in Los Angeles, Nietzsche as an enemy of bourgeois decadence and conformism. As Horkheimer stated, ‘Beneath [Nietzsche’s] seemingly misanthropic formulations lies … not so much this [elitist] error but the hatred of the patient, self-avoiding, passive and conformist character at peace with the present’ (Wiggershaus, 2001: 145). On Horkheimer’s reading, in the society of the future, the potential represented by the figure of the Übermensch would be open to all.…”

Utilização de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos para investigação da assistência farmacêutica

“…Uma característica marcante do desenvolvimento recente das teorias e métodos nas ciências sociais é a sua tendência à fusão de conteúdos cujas origens epistemológicas são, no mínimo, diversas e, no limite, divergentes ou mesmo antagônicas. Tal parece ser o caso de um primeiro olhar integrador de teorias que conseguem se complementar mediante um diálogo que coloca em cena dois ou mais métodos de modo a procurarem a complementaridade diante de objetos complexos (5,6) .…”