The forty-five-degree posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee.

We investigated whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in synovial fluid (SF) increased in the knee with degenerated cartilage and osteoarthritis. SF was obtained from the knee joints of 22 patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury during ACL reconstruction, and cartilage degeneration was evaluated arthroscopically. SF was also obtained from the knee joints of 6 healthy volunteers, 20 patients with mild osteoarthritis, and 26 patients with severe osteoarthritis, in which the grading was evaluated radiographically. The cell component in the SF was cultured for analyses. Synovium (SYN) and bone marrow (BM) were also harvested during total knee arthroplasties. The MSC number in SF was correlated with the cartilage degeneration score evaluated by arthroscopy. The MSC number in the SF was hardly noticed in normal volunteers, but it increased in accordance with the grading of osteoarthritis. Though no significant differences were observed regarding surface epitopes, or differentiation potentials, the morphology and gene profiles in SF MSCs were more similar to those in SYN MSCs than in BM MSCs. We listed 20 genes which were expressed higher in both SYN MSCs and SF MSCs than in BM MSCs, and 3 genes were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. MSCs in SF increased along with degenerated cartilage and osteoarthritis. ß

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“…Kellgren-Lawrence grading was evaluated by radiographs of weight bearing posterior-anterior view at 458 of flexion of the knee. 12 …”

Section: Synovial Fluid Derived From Osteoarthritis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human mesenchymal stem cells in synovial fluid increase in the knee with degenerated cartilage and osteoarthritis

Sekiya

Ojima

Suzuki

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

188

174

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“…The Rosenberg view facilitates the diagnosis of lateral (or medial) compartment cartilage wear. Besides, the Rosenberg view has a strong predictive value if the deformity is associated with a cruciate deficiency and the cartilage wear is located overall in the posterior tibial plateau [31]. Magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in assessing any chondral or ligamentous pathology and in evaluating the stress response of the subchondral bone [16, 18••].…”

Section: Preoperative Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distal femoral osteotomy

Rosso¹,

Margheritini

2014

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med

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Osteotomies around the knee are well-recognized treatments for unloading the affected compartment in cases of lower limb malalignment. There are few papers in the literature describing the outcomes of distal femoral osteotomy (DFO), as compared with the studies reporting on high tibial osteotomy (HTO), probably because valgus malalignment is less common than the varus one. There is still debate as to what the correct indication is and which surgical techniques lead to the best outcomes in performing a DFO. Besides, it is still controversial whether patellofemoral arthritis should be considered as a contraindication to performing a DFO, as well as in HTO. In this article, we will summarize the indications for DFO, the surgical techniques reported in the literature, and their outcomes.

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“…However, it is difficult to evaluate the soft tissues correctly, such as the degree of contracture or attenuation, from only standard X-rays. Therefore, the preoperative information is usually obtained from standing X-rays, such as the Rosenberg [16], medial tibial plateau (MTP) [2] and Lyon Schuss [3,24] radiographic views. However, the procedures are intended to evaluate the degree of osteoarthritis and not the soft tissue conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical characteristics of the patients are summarised in Table 1. The degree of osteoarthritis was evaluated with the Kellgren and Lawrence radiographic grade [9] using the Rosenberg view [16] (weight-bearing), in which 0=normal I=possible osteophytic lipping, II=definite osteophytes and possible joint space narrowing, III=moderate/multiple osteophytes and definite joint space narrowing, some sclerosis and possible bony attrition, and IV=large osteophytes, marked joint space narrowing, severe sclerosis and definite bony attrition. We measured the tibiofemoral angle under a non-weight-bearing condition to clarify the relationship between alignment and knee joint laxity, and determined the angle resulting from the intersection of the femoral and tibial shaft axes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike bone deformities or defects, it is difficult to evaluate the soft tissue conditions from standard X-rays alone. Previous studies have tried to evaluate this using stress X-rays, but most involve standing views with the knee in some degree of flexion [2,3,16]. Frequently, studies do not evaluate the soft tissue conditions, but focus instead on the degree of osteoarthritis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preoperative laxity in osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

Ishii¹,

Noguchi²,

Matsuda³

et al. 2007

International Orthopaedics (SICO

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A preoperative quantitative evaluation of soft tissues is helpful for planning total knee arthroplasty, in addition to the conventional clinical examinations involved in moving the knee manually. We evaluated preoperative coronal laxity with osteoarthritis in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty by applying a force of 150 N with an arthrometer. We examined a consecutive series of 120 knees in 102 patients. The median laxity was 0°in abduction and 8°in adduction. The femorotibial angle on non-weight-bearing standard anteroposterior radiographs was 180°and correlated with both abduction (r=−0.244, p=0.007) and adduction (r=0.205, p=0.025) laxity. The results of a regression analysis suggested that the femorotibial angle is helpful for estimating both laxities. Considering the many reports on how to obtain well-balanced soft tissues, stress radiographs might help to improve the preoperative planning for gaining the optimal laxity deemed appropriate by surgeons.Résumé Une analyse avec évaluation quantitative préop-ératoire des tissus mous est nécessaire dans la planification d'une prothèse totale de genou, ceci en plus des examens cliniques conventionnels, notamment en ce qui concerne l'évaluation de la mobilité. Nous avons évalué, en préopératoire, les laxités ainsi que les stades de l'arthrose chez les patients qui ont bénéficié d'une prothèse totale du genou. Ces résultats ont été réalisés à l'arthromètre. Nous avons réalisé une série consécutive de 120 genoux chez 102 patients. La laxité moyenne était de 0°en abduction et de 8°en adduction. L'angle fémoro tibial, sans appui, sur les radiographies de face et de profil était de 180°et a été corrélé avec la laxité en abduction (r=−0.244, p=0.007) et en adduction (r=0.205, p= 0.025). Les résultats nous montrent que l'angle fémoro tibial est utile pour estimer les laxités. Si l'on considère les différentes études et la meilleure manière d'obtenir une bonne balance ligamentaire, les radiographies en stress permettent d'optimiser le planning opératoire et d'avoir une bonne idée des laxités.

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The forty-five-degree posteroanterior flexion weight-bearing radiograph of the knee.

Cited by 586 publications

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Human mesenchymal stem cells in synovial fluid increase in the knee with degenerated cartilage and osteoarthritis

Human mesenchymal stem cells in synovial fluid increase in the knee with degenerated cartilage and osteoarthritis

Distal femoral osteotomy

Preoperative laxity in osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

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