The Forest Ranger: A Study in Administrative Behavior.

Extending Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Managing Dissent in Public Lands Agencies

“…One scholarly influence on this research is Kaufman's (1960) landmark study of the forest service. Kaufman (1960) observed how the Forest Service socialized its employees by developing commitment and shared values among its employees.…”

“…One scholarly influence on this research is Kaufman's (1960) landmark study of the forest service. Kaufman (1960) observed how the Forest Service socialized its employees by developing commitment and shared values among its employees. These shared values enabled this large national organization with widely dispersed and sometimes isolated employees to accept rules and procedures.…”

“…These shared values enabled this large national organization with widely dispersed and sometimes isolated employees to accept rules and procedures. Kaufman's (1960) work has been revisited across the decades, including: an observation of the increasing complexity of environmental legislation and public involvement (Tipple & Wellman, 1991), the context of women forest rangers (Carroll et al, 1996), and in the context of state forest rangers (Koontz, 2007). Kaufman (1960) was also influential in our understanding of bureaucratic discretion, which has also been expanded over the years (see Lipsky, 1980;Vinzant et al, 1998).…”

“…Kaufman's (1960) work has been revisited across the decades, including: an observation of the increasing complexity of environmental legislation and public involvement (Tipple & Wellman, 1991), the context of women forest rangers (Carroll et al, 1996), and in the context of state forest rangers (Koontz, 2007). Kaufman (1960) was also influential in our understanding of bureaucratic discretion, which has also been expanded over the years (see Lipsky, 1980;Vinzant et al, 1998). Hirschman's (1970) Exit, Voice, and Loyalty was an economic analysis of reactions to decline in firms, organizations, and nation-states but has been a useful theoretical lens for other applications, including employee responses to dissatisfaction by suggesting an organization of behaviors into the categories of exit, voice, and loyalty.…”

Piezoelectric and field emitted properties of controlled ZnO nanorods on CNT yarns

“…However, the processes aforementioned consume lots of energy, making it difficult to create a large area of 1D nanostructure. As to another approach, polycarbonate membranes have been used as templates for fabrication of various nanorods through electrochemical deposition, which is a versatile and simple approach [10]. This is a low-cost process that can deposit ZnO nanorods over a large area at a low temperature.…”