The foliar absorption of urea‐n by Kentucky bluegrass turf

Bowman, Daniel; Paul, J. L.

doi:10.1080/01904168909363981

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This amount represents 35% of the N initially recovered in the shoot extracts at time 0, and is similar to our previous finding that 40% of applied urea-N remained on the shoots of Kentucky bluegrass at 48 hr (8). Based on the fact that volatile losses were relatively small for both treatments, averaging less than 10%, this rapid depletion of urea-N is most likely due to biological immobilization.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Wesely et al (6,7) measured foliar uptake as the increase in Kjeldahl N in the shoots following fertilization and found that most absorption occurred during the first 24 hr. Uptake of urea varied with species, ranging from 31 to 61 % of the applied fertilizer N. Using 1 N-labeled urea at a rate of 50 kg N ha" 1 , Bowman and Paul reported that 43% of the urea-N applied to the leaves of Kentucky bluegrass was absorbed during the first 48 hr (8). Tall fescue and creeping bentgrass each absorbed approximately 55% of the 15 N-urea during a 72 hr period (9).…”

Section: Bowman and Paulmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Volatilization and rapid depletion of urea spray‐applied to Kentucky bluegrass turf

Bowman

Paul

1990

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Urea was spray-applied to a Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L) turf at a rate of 50 kg N ha -1 . Two volumes of solution were used to provide application depths of 0.5 and 2.0 mm. Ammonia volatilization and the rate of disappearance of the applied N were then examined over a 48 hr period. Urea-N was positioned primarily on shoots with the 0.5 mm application, whereas the 2.0 mm application distributed the urea equally between the shoot and the thatch/soil layers. Urea positioned in the thatch/soil was hydrolyzed rapidly, while very little hydrolysis occurred with the urea positioned on the shoots.Cumulative volatile loss amounted to 5.3% and 11.6% of the applied N with the 0.5 and 2.0 mm application, respectively. Applied urea-N disappeared rapidly from the turf/soil system. Approximately 80% and 100% of the applied N was depleted by 48 hr for the 0.5 and 2.0 mm application, respectively. The duration of volatile loss was correlated with the period that the urea-N was resident in the turf profile.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Bowman and Paulmentioning

confidence: 98%

Volatilization and rapid depletion of urea spray‐applied to Kentucky bluegrass turf

Bowman

Paul

1990

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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“…This range is lower than FNUE values for foliar-fertilized turfgrass previously reported as 31 to 61% by Wesely et al (1985), 49 to 60% by Wesely et al (1988), 35 to 55% by Bowman and Paul (1989, 1990, and 36 to 69% by Stiegler et al (2011). This range is lower than FNUE values for foliar-fertilized turfgrass previously reported as 31 to 61% by Wesely et al (1985), 49 to 60% by Wesely et al (1988), 35 to 55% by Bowman and Paul (1989, 1990, and 36 to 69% by Stiegler et al (2011).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Furthermore, fertilizer N uptake may have been enhanced, either because turf was growing in sand culture with little native N present, which would minimize root N uptake (Bowman and Paul, 1989, 1990, or because FNUE was estimated by the difference method (Wesely et al, 1985(Wesely et al, , 1988, which tends to give higher values than direct measurements using 15 N (e.g., Paul, 1989, 1992;Torbert et al, 1992;Schindler and Knighton, 1999;Stiegler, 2010;Nannen et al, 2011). The high humidity in the controlled environment studies would lead to extended spray droplet drying times and greater fertilizer uptake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Foliar Nitrogen Uptake by Creeping Bentgrass

Henning

Mulvaney

Branham³

2013

Crop Science

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F oliar N fertilization is an increasingly common practice in the turfgrass industry. This trend is due to ease of application of foliar N fertilizers, their compatibility with other commonly applied turf care products, and the ability to uniformly apply low doses (<2 g m -2 ) of N to high-value areas of turf.Tracer and nontracer techniques have been used to estimate fertilizer N absorption by turfgrass leaves. The tracer approach uses the stable isotope, 15 N, to directly quantify plant uptake of labeled fertilizer N. The nontracer, or indirect, alternatives include the difference method and a washing technique. The difference method compares plant N concentration with and without fertilization and ascribes any increase for the fertilized treatment to fertilizer N uptake. The washing technique quantifies N uptake as the difference between the amount of fertilizer applied and the amount recovered in a foliar rinse.Indirect methods have been used in several studies to quantify foliar N uptake by turf. The earliest of these was reported by Wesely et al. (1985) for five cool-season turfgrasses maintained in a growth chamber. Their results, using the difference method, showed 31 to 61% uptake in the first 72 h after application, depending on species and cultivar. In a subsequent field study, Wesely et al. (1988) found 49 to 59% uptake by the difference method following repeated ABSTRACT Turfgrass managers frequently apply N as a foliar spray when low application rates are desired. This practice is believed to promote foliar N uptake that benefits turf; however, very little information is available concerning the quantity of N absorbed by turfgrass foliage or the effect of various spray parameters on foliar N uptake under field conditions. This research was conducted to evaluate fertilizer N uptake efficiency of foliarly applied 15 N to creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera var. L. palustris (Huds.) Farw. 'pennlinks'] under field conditions. The effects of spray volume, N carrier, adjuvant addition, and tank mixing with commonly applied turf care products (e.g. chlorothalonil) on foliar N uptake were conducted to evaluate foliar uptake of fertilizer 15 N by creeping bentgrass. From 6 to 34% of foliar-applied N was taken up mostly within 2 h and completely by 4 to 6 h after fertilizer application. Uptake efficiency increased significantly when spray volume was decreased but was unaffected by N carrier, adjuvant addition, or tank mixing.

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“…3) applications of a foliar fertilizer may not provided enough time for translocation and distribution of fertilizer nutrients to plant roots to occur. Previous work that examined urea translocation found that at 48 h after application only around 15% of N from labeled urea was translocated to roots, from foliar applied urea (2,4). A significant interaction occurred in all three experiments because watering over the top created increased bentgrass root growth in some fertilizer treatments, while decreasing that root growth in other fertilizer treatments (Table 6).…”

Section: Dry Weight Of Bentgrass Rootsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fertilization of Bentgrass With Commercial Foliar Products: Greenhouse Evaluations

Guertal

2010

Applied Turfgrass Science

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Foliar application of plant nutrients is often used in turfgrass management, especially on high‐maintenance turfed areas. Foliar fertilizers for turfgrass are often sold as liquids with a complete analysis (containing N, P, and K), and may also contain calcium, magnesium, micronutrients, with the nutrient sources obtained from various chelates, minerals, or other sources such as glucoheptonates, sea kelp, or humic materials. The objective of this greenhouse study was to examine the relative performance of nine different commercially available foliar fertilizers applied to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) maintained at putting green heights, focusing on root and top growth, and nitrogen uptake. Three greenhouse studies were performed, two of 1‐week duration and the other 3 weeks in length. In all studies, foliar fertilizers were applied at the same N rate, and clipping harvests with subsequent tissue N analyses were conducted. There were differences in N uptake and dry matter yield due to foliar fertilizer source, but none of the differences were consistent across experiments due to source. In most cases foliar application of urea was as effective (for N uptake and dry matter yield) as applying any of the commercial materials. Application of any foliar fertilizer improved N uptake and dry matter yield over that measured in the unfertilized bentgrass.

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The foliar absorption of urea‐n by Kentucky bluegrass turf

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Volatilization and rapid depletion of urea spray‐applied to Kentucky bluegrass turf

Volatilization and rapid depletion of urea spray‐applied to Kentucky bluegrass turf

Factors Affecting Foliar Nitrogen Uptake by Creeping Bentgrass

Fertilization of Bentgrass With Commercial Foliar Products: Greenhouse Evaluations

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