The FLUKA code: description and benchmarking

Battistoni, G.; Cerutti, F.; Fassó, A.; Ferrari, A.; Muraro, S.; Ranft, J.; Roesler, S.; Sala, P.

doi:10.1063/1.2720455

Cited by 1,046 publications

(762 citation statements)

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“…The production of cosmogenic neutrons and radioisotopes in Borexino was studied by using the Geant4 [17,18] and Fluka [19,20] simulation packages which are both commonly used to simulate deep underground, low background experiments. Their predictions are compared with our experimental data.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Simulations Of Cosmogenic Neutrons and Radioisotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic Backgrounds in Borexino at 3800 m water-equivalent depth

Bellini

Benziger

Bick

et al. 2013

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

151

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Abstract. The solar neutrino experiment Borexino, which is located in the Gran Sasso underground laboratories, is in a unique position to study muon-induced backgrounds in an organic liquid scintillator. In this study, a large sample of cosmic muons is identified and tracked by a muon veto detector external to the liquid scintillator, and by the specific light patterns observed when muons cross the scintillator volume. The yield of muon-induced neutrons is found to be Y n = (3.10 ± 0.11) · 10 −4 n/(µ · (g/cm 2 )). The distance profile between the parent muon track and the neutron capture point has the average value λ = (81.5 ± 2.7) cm. Additionally the yields of a number of cosmogenic radioisotopes are measured for 12 N, 12 B, 8 He, 9 C, 9 Li, 8 B, 6 He, 8 Li, 11 Be, 10 C and 11 C. All results are compared with Monte Carlo simulation predictions using the Fluka and Geant4 packages. General agreement between data and simulation is observed for the cosmogenic production yields with a few exceptions, the most prominent case being 11 C yield for which both codes return about 50% lower values. The predicted µ-n distance profile and the neutron multiplicity distribution are found to be overall consistent with data.

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Section: Monte Carlo Simulations Of Cosmogenic Neutrons and Radioisotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic Backgrounds in Borexino at 3800 m water-equivalent depth

Bellini

Benziger

Bick

et al. 2013

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

151

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“…Particle fluxes originating from these operational beam losses were calculated with the MARS15 [66] code (later also with FLUKA [67]) and presented at the entrance to the ATLAS and CMS experimental halls (about 22 m from IP). It is found that background rates in detector subsystems strongly depend on the origin of MIB, particle energy and type.…”

Section: Beam Background Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMS Technical Design Report for the Pixel Detector Upgrade

Dominguez¹

2012

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The original design goal of the LHC was to operate at 1 × 10 34 cm -2 s -1 with 25 ns bunch spacing, where approximately 25 simultaneous inelastic collisions per crossing ("pile-up") occur. With the upgrade of the accelerators, the luminosity and pile-up will more than double. The current pixel detector is crucial to charged particle tracking, but was not designed to perform effectively in such collision conditions and the physics program of CMS would suffer as a result. We propose to replace the current pixel tracker with a new high efficiency and low mass detector with four barrel layers and three forward/backward disks to provide four-hit pixel coverage out to pseudorapidities of ±2.5. This new detector will meet or exceed the original design specifications in these high luminosity environments. In this report, we provide details on the design, construction and installation of the upgraded pixel detector as well as estimates of its expected performance. Cover Design S. Cittolin AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the technical staff from the various institutions for the design, R&D and testing of the many components of this upgrade.We also wish to thank the LHCC for their oversight and crucial advice during the development of the the pixel upgrade project. The important feedback from following CMS internal reviewers greatly helped in the development of this technical design report: D. Contardo, S. Dasu, S.C. Eno, P. Giacomelli, G. Gomez Ceballos, E. Halkiadakis, C. Hill, M. Klute, S. Lowette, M. Mannelli, S. Nahn, I. Shipsey, D. Stuart, S. Tkaczyk and J. Varela.A special thanks goes to the CMS Secretariat, in particular Anastasia Dolya, for their tireless support during all stages of the project. We also acknowledge the warm support received from the CMS management team and computing project.Finally, we dedicate this technical design report for the upgrade of the pixel detector to the memory of our two colleagues and friends:

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“…Computations of particle production by both MARS and FLUKA [215,216,218] have been performed. Summaries of some simulations comparing results from different codes and lattices are shown in figure 34.…”

Section: Particle Production Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of this calculation, a requirement for the proton-beam emittance was determined (see table V). Comparisons were made between MARS [210-214] (version 1507 is used throughout this document) and FLUKA [215,216] simulations for this target system [217].…”

Section: Progress Within the Ids-nf Accelerator Study To Datementioning

confidence: 99%