The flow behavior of lysolecithin-induced echinocytes1

Rogausch, H

doi:10.3233/bir-1984-21603

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Chemical stresses refer to the release of lysolecithin, which gains surface activity from the spleen caused by increased secretion of adrenaline [59,63,64], decrease in blood pH caused by an increase in carbon dioxide partial pressure (Pco 2 ) in the blood, respiratory acidosis [61 and the accumulation of blood lactate, metabolic acidosis [35,38], and the increase in active oxygen (radical-scavenger) and peroxide: hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde which deplete the antioxidant, alfa-tocopherol, ascorbate, beta-carotene, bilirubin, reduced glutathione, ubiquinone and uric acid, and damage the erythroid membrane protein and lipids [15,59,65]. Maximal exercise induces an increase in the osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes and swelling of the cells.…”

Section: Fragility Increased Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Osmotic Fragility of Erythrocytes during Exercise in Athletic Horses.

Hanzawa

Watanabe

2000

JES

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Knowledge about changes in the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes during exercise in athletic horses which is introduced in this review can be summarized as follows; 1) Changes in the osmotic fragility of equine erythrocytes during exercise are an important indicator of intravascular haemolysis. 2) The sensitivity of the regulatory volume is decreased by a K-Cl cotransporter, lactate and/or pH susceptibility, and the osmotic fragility of erythroid membrane due to exercise stress increases with the repeated accumulation of red cells in the spleen. 3) The increase in blood flow and the release of erythrocytes from the spleen into the circulation have little effect on the changes in the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes during exercise. 4) Increases in blood pH and temperature caused by aerobic exercises cause osmotic resistance in erythrocytes. 5) The decrease in pH and increase in blood lactate and peroxide caused by anaerobic exercises promotes the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes. 6) The osmotic fragility of erythrocytes could be detected by the modification, degeneration, decomposition and oxidation-reduction in cell membrane lipids and proteins, and cell volume regulation, changes which follow pH and temperature changes during exercise. 7) The K-Cl cotransporter which controls the intracellular ionic homeostasis and regulatory volume decrease has a functional interrelation with the fragility of erythrocytes. The osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in athletic horses is therefore an indicator of the effects of training and/or athletic performance and stress.

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Section: Fragility Increased Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The osmotic fragility of erythrocytes is generally accelerated by exercise stress [5,7,12,14,17,34,35,38,59,61,[63][64][65]74]. The increase of the fragility of erythrocytes caused by high intensity exercise is an important indicator of haemolysis in blood vessels [7,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Osmotic Fragility of Erythrocytes during Exercise in Athletic Horses.

Hanzawa

Watanabe

2000

JES

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“…The OFE in horses and man is accelerated by physical and chemical stresses during exercise (Broun 1922(Broun , 1923Davis and Brewer 1953;Keul et al 1967;Sagawa and Shiraki 1978;Rogausch 1984;Snow and Martin 1990). Boucher et al (1985) suggested that the increased OFE during exercise may relate to release of osmotically sensitive erythrocytes from the spleen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exercise on erythrocytes in normal and splenectomised Thoroughbred horses

Hanzawa

Kubo

Kal

et al. 1995

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryChanges in erythrocyte quality during exercise were determined in 3 control (Group cC) and 3 splenectomised (Group S) horses that performed an incremental exercise test on a treadmill until the point of fatigue. Venous blood samples were drawn before the exercise test and immediately after warming-up and incremental exercise test. Incremental exercise increased erythrocyte count and haemoglobin concentration by 46 and 37% respectively in control horses and by 15 and 17% respectively in Group S animals. Packed cell volume (PCV) increased by 48% in controls but there was no change in Group S animals. Warming-up decreased mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell Hb (MCH) and mean cell Hb concentration (MCHC) by 9,19 and 7% in control horses. Incremental exercise restored MCV and MCHC but MCH remained lower than the resting Ilevel. In Group S horses, warming-up and incremental exercise decreased MCV by 6 and 9% respectively, did not change MCH, but increased MCHC by 4 and 15% respectively. Incremental exercise increased erythrocyte density (ED) in Group C but not in Group S horses. Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes measured as the red cell haemolysis rates in 0.56% NaCl (HL) were significantly higher in Group C than in Group S horses regardless of exercise. Warming-up decreased HL by 7% in Group C vs 19% in Group S horses, but exercise increased HL by 26% in Group C vs 38% in Grotup S horses. These results suggest that: 1) exercise causes shrinking of erythrocytes; 2) erythrocyte indices are dependent on the intensity of the exercise; 3) release of erythrocytes from the spleen is associated with an increase in osmotic fragility; and 4) exercise changes osmotic fragility regardless of the release of erythrocytes from the spleen into circulation.

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Washing stored red blood cells in an albumin solution improves their morphologic and hemorheologic properties

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND Prolonged storage of red blood cells leads to storage lesions, which may impair clinical outcomes after transfusion. A hallmark of storage lesions is progressive echinocytic shape transformation, which can be partially reversed by washing in albumin solutions. Here we have investigated the impact of this shape recovery on biorheological parameters. METHODS Red blood cells stored hypothermically for 6–7 weeks were washed in a 1% human serum albumin solution. Red cell deformability was measured with osmotic gradient ektacytometry. The viscosity of red cell suspensions were measured with a Couette-type viscometer. The flow behaviour of red cells suspended at 40% hematocrit was tested with an artificial microvascular network. RESULTS Washing in 1% albumin reduced higher degrees of echinocytes and increased the frequency of discocytes, thereby shifting the morphological index towards discocytosis. Washing also reduced red cell swelling. This shape recovery was not seen after washing in saline, buffer or plasma. Red cell shape normalisation did not improve cell deformability measured by ektacytometry, but it tended to decrease suspension viscosities at low shear rates and improved the perfusion of an artificial microvascular network. CONCLUSIONS Washing of stored red blood cells in a 1% human serum albumin solution specifically reduces echinocytosis, and this shape recovery has a beneficial effect on microvascular perfusion in vitro. Washing in 1% albumin may represent a new approach to improving the quality of stored red cells, and thus potentially reducing the likelihood of adverse clinical outcomes associated with transfusion of blood stored for longer periods of time.

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The flow behavior of lysolecithin-induced echinocytes1

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Osmotic Fragility of Erythrocytes during Exercise in Athletic Horses.

Changes in Osmotic Fragility of Erythrocytes during Exercise in Athletic Horses.

Effects of exercise on erythrocytes in normal and splenectomised Thoroughbred horses

Washing stored red blood cells in an albumin solution improves their morphologic and hemorheologic properties

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