The first complete genome sequence and pathogenicity characterization of fowl adenovirus 11 from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Pakistan

Wang, Jing; Zaheer, Iqra; Saleemi, Muhammad Kashif; Qi, Xiaole; Gao, Yulong; Cui, Hongyu; Li, Kai; Gao, Li; Fayyaz, Ahad; Hussain, Altaf; Liu, Changjun; Zhang, Yanping; Wang, Xiaomei

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108670

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, the INIB in the liver occurred in the presence of histologically normal bursa and thymus, indicating the development of IBH was solely due to the virulence of the isolate, without immunosuppression as a co-factor. Although previous studies have reported a close association of IBH-inducing FAdV with an immunosuppressive role [ 19 37 38 ], the results of this study suggest that the ability of FAdV to cause immunosuppression may vary from strain to strain. Nonetheless, further study is required to elucidate the mechanism of FAdV-induced immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Molecular characterization of Malaysian fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 8b species E and pathogenicity of the virus in specific-pathogen-free chicken

et al. 2021

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Background Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is an economically important viral disease primarily affecting broiler and breeder chickens. All 12 serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) can cause IBH. Objectives To characterize FAdV isolates based on phylogenetic analysis, and to study the pathogenicity of FAdV-8b in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens following virus inoculation via oral and intramuscular (IM) routes. Methods Suspected organ samples were subjected to virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for FAdV detection. Hexon gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed on FAdV-positive samples for serotype identification. One FAdV-8b isolate, UPM/FAdV/420/2017, was selected for fiber gene characterization and pathogenicity study and was inoculated in SPF chickens via oral and IM routes. Results The hexon gene phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to FAdV-8b. The fiber gene-based phylogenetic analysis of isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 supported the grouping of that isolate into FAdV species E. Pathogenicity study revealed that, chickens infected with UPM/FAdV/420/2017 via the IM route had higher clinical score values, higher percent mortality, higher degree of the liver lesions, higher antibody response ( p < 0.05), and higher virus shedding amounts ( p < 0.05) than those infected via the oral route. The highest virus copy numbers were detected in liver and gizzard. Conclusions FAdV-8b is the dominant FAdV serotype in Malaysia, and pathogenicity study of the FAdV-8b isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 indicated its ability to induce IBH in young SPF chickens when infected via oral or IM routes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Molecular characterization of Malaysian fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 8b species E and pathogenicity of the virus in specific-pathogen-free chicken

et al. 2021

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“…In addition, significant low body weight was noted due to reduced feed consumption after exposure to virulent FAdV strain with no protection by vaccination. Those clinical signs are typically associated with IBH which is consistent with natural outbreaks and experimental induced studies in affected chickens (Junnu et al, 2015;Norina et al, 2016;Norfitriah et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Efficacy of Live Attenuated Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 8b Isolate of Malaysia in Specific Pathogen-Free Chickens

Sohaimi

Bejo

2021

MABJ

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Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is the primary agent of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in poultry and caused serious economic impact due to high mortality and poor productivity. To date, clinical cases of IBH in chickens increases over the years in Malaysia, thus, an effective local vaccine to control the disease outbreak is in dire need. The objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of live attenuated FAdV serotype 8b isolate, UPM1137CEL35, in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Attenuated isolate UPM1137CEL35 conferred full protection against the virulent FAdV isolate, UPM11134 in the vaccinated chickens. Neither clinical signs nor mortality were recorded in all vaccinated groups. However, in the challenged unvaccinated group, chickens showed clinical signs of weakness, reduced feed consumption, and lateral recumbency at day 4 to 7 postchallenge. Additionally, the body weight was low significantly (p<0.05) compared to the challenged vaccinated groups. Upon necropsy, the liver from the challenged unvaccinated group was pale at peripheral bilateral lobes with the presence of focal lymphoid aggregation microscopically, while, challenged vaccinated groups were normal without significant changes. All vaccinated chickens were protected from disease manifestations with antibody response compared to the challenged unvaccinated group. It was concluded that the attenuated FAdV isolate, UPM1137CEL35, has a high potential to be used as a vaccine against the FAdV serotype 8b of Malaysian isolates.

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“…In recent years, FAdV-4 has been proven to have immunosuppressive potential, which caused structural and functional damage of immune organs via apoptosis along with induction of severe inflammatory responses (45)(46)(47). Other serotypes of FAdVs have also been reported to cause immune system damage in chickens, such as FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 (48)(49)(50). In our study, not only the spleen indexes of challenge groups were significantly higher than that of the control groups, but also massive necrosis of lymphocyte was observed in spleen of infected 3-days-old chickens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first complete genome sequence and pathogenicity characterization of fowl adenovirus serotype 2 with inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium in China

et al. 2022

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Since 2015, fowl adenovirus (FAdV) has been frequently reported worldwide, causing serious economic losses to the poultry industry. In this study, a FAdV-2, namely GX01, was isolated from liver samples of chickens with hepatitis and hydropericardium in Guangxi Province, China. The complete genome sequence of GX01 was determined about 43,663 base pairs (bp) with 53% G+C content. To our knowledge, this is the first FAdV-2 complete genome in China. There was a deleting fragment in ORF25 gene. Phylogenetic analysis based on the hexon loop-1 gene showed that GX01 is most closely related to FAdV-2 strain 685. Pathogenicity experiment of GX01 in 3-day-old and 10-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens showed that although no mortality was observed within 21 days post infection (dpi), strain GX01 significantly inhibited weight gain of infected chickens. Moreover, FAdV-2 was still detectable in the anal swabs of infected chickens at 21 dpi. Necropsy analysis showed that the main lesions were observed in liver, heart, and spleen. Of note, hepatitis and hydropericardium were observed in the infected chickens. In addition, massive necrosis of lymphocyte was observed in spleen of infected 3-days-old chickens. We concluded that FAdV-2 strain GX01 is capable of causing hepatitis and hydropericardium, which will make serious impact on the growth of chickens. Our research lays a foundation to investigate the molecular epidemiology and etiology of FAdV.

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The first complete genome sequence and pathogenicity characterization of fowl adenovirus 11 from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Pakistan

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Molecular characterization of Malaysian fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 8b species E and pathogenicity of the virus in specific-pathogen-free chicken

Molecular characterization of Malaysian fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 8b species E and pathogenicity of the virus in specific-pathogen-free chicken

Efficacy of Live Attenuated Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 8b Isolate of Malaysia in Specific Pathogen-Free Chickens

The first complete genome sequence and pathogenicity characterization of fowl adenovirus serotype 2 with inclusion body hepatitis and hydropericardium in China

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