The first case of human autochtonous subconjunctival dirofilariosis in Poland and MALT lymphoma as possible consequence of this parasitosis

Borkowski, P; Rymkiewicz, Grzegorz; Gołębiewska, Joanna; Nestoros, Nestor; Romejko‐Jarosińska, Joanna; Hanna, Żarnowska-Prymek; Masny, Aleksander; Pałucki, Jakub

doi:10.1186/1750-9378-10-1

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Even the number of Fig. 3 Longitudinal ridges on the nematode cuticle eosinophils was not elevated, similarly to data reported in literature (Pampilione and Rivasi 2007;Borkowski et al 2014). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Case of human Dirofilaria repens infection manifested by cutaneous larva migrans syndrome

2015

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Dirofilaria repens, parasite of subcutaneous tissues of dogs and other carnivores, represents high infection risk for animals and humans in Europe. In men, infection usually presents as nodule in subcutaneous tissues or, less often, the lesions are localised around the eyes. The work presents first confirmed clinical case of human D. repens infection connected with cutaneous larva migrans syndrome. In patient, the migration of the worm caused true signs of creeping eruption, elevated sinuous track under the skin. It was connected with severe pain, burning and erythema of adjacent skin. Symptoms appeared at least three times, approximately once a month, always in the evening or night and lasted from several minutes to several days. In December 2014, during the scratching of residual pruritic lesion, patient removed 6-cm long, whitish worm from the wound. Morphological features (longitudinal ridges) and PCR amplification of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) confirmed Dirofilaria repens as etiological agent of infection. Herein, presented case confirmed that D. repens infection in humans can be associated with real creeping eruption, clinical sign of cutaneous larva migrans and should be included in its differential diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Case of human Dirofilaria repens infection manifested by cutaneous larva migrans syndrome

2015

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“…Infection with D. repens is usually considered asymptomatic, but a growing body of evidence suggest that it can cause significant morbidity, and increasing cases have been reported of severe disease leading to liver or kidney failure ( 5 ). Dirofilaria repens infections were also connected to neoplastic, sometimes malignant, processes in dogs ( 6 , 7 ) and humans ( 8 ). Furthermore, the presence of adult D. repens and circulating Mf in blood or parenchymal organs can influence the course of coexisting diseases in infected animals ( 5 , 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Dogs Naturally Infected With Dirofilaria repens

et al. 2020

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Subcutaneous dirofilariosis is a zoonotic disease emerging throughout Europe caused by the filarial nematode Dirofilaria repens . Despite its increasing prevalence, there is a large gap in knowledge of the impact of the parasite on the host. Currently classified as being non-pathogenic, recent evidence suggests that skin dirofilariosis is associated with dermatological conditions including concomitant pruritus, neoplastic processes, inflammation, and even blindness in dogs and humans. The aim of this study was to determine if natural canine D. repens infection leads to biological changes in the canine host. In a real-life veterinary clinic setting, animals are often presented to clinicians for unrelated issues, and D. repens is incidentally identified during inspection. As such, we compared hematological and biochemical parameters of 218 uninfected and 197 dogs naturally infected with D. repens . Interestingly, animals infected with D. repens had lower numbers of lymphocytes ( p < 0.001), red blood cells ( p < 0.001), and thrombocytes ( p = 0.025), decreased hematocrit ( p < 0.001), and increased alkaline phosphatase ( p = 0.016) and creatinine activity ( p = 0.023) compared to uninfected dogs. We further selected a subpopulation of 214 dogs having prima facie hematological and biochemical results within normal reference ranges to evaluate the effect of D. repens infections in seemingly healthy dogs. Among these patients, 93 dogs infected with D. repens had lower numbers of lymphocytes ( p = 0.031), red blood cells ( p = 0.025), and hematocrit ( p = 0.002), higher glucose levels ( p = 0.023), and border line elevated alkaline phosphatase levels ( p = 0.054) compared to 121 uninfected animals. Despite being categorized as asymptomatic, we have observed hematological and biochemical changes associated with D. repens infections in dogs, and our data suggest that dirofilariosis may induce a state of chronic stress. These results link the presence of skin dirofilariosis to biological changes in the canine host, suggesting a mechanism for pathogenicity and shedding new light on the host–parasite relationship.

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“…Moreover, epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, have been also implicated miRNA’s expression regulation. Indeed, miRNAs promoter regions undergo methylation in several neoplasms 9 , 10 . Hence, miRNA’s may either be overexpressed through genetic mechanisms (such as gene amplification, transcription factors) 11 or downregulated by genetic and/or epigenetic events (e.g., deletion or promoter hypermethylation, respectively) 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-27a-5p regulation by promoter methylation and MYC signaling in prostate carcinogenesis

et al. 2018

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Upregulation of MYC and miRNAs deregulation are common in prostate cancer (PCa). Overactive MYC may cause miRNAs’ expression deregulation through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms and epigenetic alterations are also involved in miRNAs dysregulation. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the role of regulatory network between MYC and miRNAs in prostate carcinogenesis. MYC expression was found upregulated in PCa cases and matched precursor lesions. MicroRNA’s microarray analysis of PCa samples with opposed MYC levels identified miRNAs significantly overexpressed in high-MYC PCa. However, validation of miR-27a-5p in primary prostate tissues disclosed downregulation in PCa, instead, correlating with aberrant promoter methylation. In a series of castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) cases, miR-27a-5p was upregulated, along with promoter hypomethylation. MYC and miR-27a-5p expression levels in LNCaP and PC3 cells mirrored those observed in hormone-naíve PCa and CRPC, respectively. ChIP analysis showed that miR-27a-5p expression is only regulated by c-Myc in the absence of aberrant promoter methylation. MiR-27a-5p knockdown in PC3 cells promoted cell growth, whereas miRNA forced expression in LNCaP and stable MYC-knockdown PC3 cells attenuated the malignant phenotype, suggesting a tumor suppressive role for miR-27a-5p. Furthermore, miR-27a-5p upregulation decreased EGFR/Akt1/mTOR signaling. We concluded that miR-27a-5p is positively regulated by MYC, and its silencing due to aberrant promoter methylation occurs early in prostate carcinogenesis, concomitantly with loss of MYC regulatory activity. Our results further suggest that along PCa progression, miR-27a-5p promoter becomes hypomethylated, allowing for MYC to resume its regulatory activity. However, the altered cellular context averts miR-27a-5p from successfully accomplishing its tumor suppressive function at this stage of disease.

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The first case of human autochtonous subconjunctival dirofilariosis in Poland and MALT lymphoma as possible consequence of this parasitosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Case of human Dirofilaria repens infection manifested by cutaneous larva migrans syndrome

Case of human Dirofilaria repens infection manifested by cutaneous larva migrans syndrome

Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Dogs Naturally Infected With Dirofilaria repens

MicroRNA-27a-5p regulation by promoter methylation and MYC signaling in prostate carcinogenesis

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