The fate of flavanol–anthocyanin adducts in wines: Study of their putative reaction patterns in the presence of acetaldehyde

Wines in contact with oak wood: the impact of the variety (Carménère and Cabernet Sauvignon), format (barrels, chips and staves), and aging time on the phenolic composition

“…By contrast, the oligomeric proanthocyanidin fraction (two to ten subunits) was found to increase throughout aging. Taken together, these observations suggested that wood aging enhances associativity between proanthocyanidins, which would result in more polymerized molecules . Nevertheless, aging in contact with oak wood would interfere with formation of larger (over ten subunits) proanthocyanidin polymers .…”

On the bioavailability of flavanols and anthocyanins: Flavanol–anthocyanin dimers

“…1). The two dimeric structures (Cat-Cat and Cat-Mv3glc) were obtained by chemical synthesis (Bras et al, 2010;Nave et al, 2010).…”

“…Procyanidin B3 and (+)-catechin-(4,8)-malvidin-3-O-glucoside were synthesised and purified as described elsewhere (Bras et al, 2010;Nave, Teixeira, Mateus, & de Freitas, 2010). The purity of the final material obtained was confirmed by HPLC-MS and NMR.…”

Anthocyanin composition in aged Chilean Cabernet Sauvignon red wines

“…Hayasaka and Asenstorfer (2002) identified various vinyl adducts of anthocyanins in red wine extracts using nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry. On the other hand, flavanols condense with anthocyanins in the presence or absence of acetaldehyde to give polymeric compounds (Dallas, Ricardo-da-Silva, & Laureano, 1996;Escribano-Bailón, Alvarez-García, Rivas-Gonzalo, Heredia, & Santos-Buelga, 2001;Nave, Teixeira, Mateus, & De Freitas, 2010;Remy-Tanneau, Le Guernevé, Meudec, & Cheynier, 2003;RivasGonzalo, Bravo-Haro, & Santos-Buelga, 1995;Salas, Fulcrand, Meudec, & Cheynier, 2003). Free anthocyanins and polymeric anthocyanins were detected and identified by mass spectrometric methods.…”