The extraction of penicillin G with neutral phosphorus esters

Facilitated Transport of Penicillin G by Bulk Liquid Membrane with TBP as Carrier

“…However, when the pH value in the feed solution is >4.0, the transport efficiency sharply reduces due to lower mass transfer driving force caused by lower distribution coefficient. This is similar to the behavior of distribution equilibria of penicillin G between the same organic phase and aqueous solution [10].…”

“…Due to the instability of penicillin G in the aqueous solution at low pH and low extraction efficiency at high pH [4,10], experiments about the effect of pH in the feed solution on the transport efficiency of penicillin G through BLM are conducted at pH ranges of 3.0 to 5.0. As shown in Fig.…”

“…1. A reversible reaction of TBP with penicillin G occurs at the interfaces between aqueous and membrane phases as follows [3,10]:…”

“…Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) was reported to be an alternative choice [10]. Moreover, the re-extraction of penicillin G with TBP as carrier is much easier than that of an amine-based extractant.…”

“…Although many types of complex extractants, such as aminebased solvent, aliphatic alcohol, and phosphorus ester, etc. had been applied to recover penicillin G in many studies [7][8][9][10][11], the reactive extraction process had not been adopted in industrial process because the consumption of solvent in the extraction process is large and the solvent is usually expensive [7].…”