The Expression of Vesicular Glutamate Transporters Defines Two Classes of Excitatory Synapse

Fremeau, Robert T.; Troyer, Matthew D.; Pahner, Ingrid; Nygaard, Gro Owren; Tran, Cindy H; Reimer, Richard J.; Bellocchio, Elizabeth E.; Fortin, Doris L.; Storm‐Mathisen, Jon; Edwards, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00344-0

Cited by 1,129 publications

(1,377 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies show that VGLUT1 is the major isoform in both the frontal cortex and the hippocampus (30,31), where it plays a key role in the vesicular uptake and synaptic transmission of glutamate (13)(14)(15)(16). The downregulation of cortical and hippocampal EAAT1 supports the idea of decreased glutamate release in the VGLUT1 dependent synapses because this glial transporter is regulated by the amount of glutamate released into the synaptic cleft (32,33).…”

Section: Regulation Of Glutamate/gaba Cycle and Behaviour By Reduced mentioning

confidence: 66%

Increased Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behavior of Mice with Decreased Expression of VGLUT1

Garcia-García

Elizalde

Matrov

et al. 2009

Biological Psychiatry

113

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Section: Regulation Of Glutamate/gaba Cycle and Behaviour By Reduced mentioning

confidence: 66%

Increased Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behavior of Mice with Decreased Expression of VGLUT1

Garcia-García

Elizalde

Matrov

et al. 2009

Biological Psychiatry

113

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“…In the adult brain, VGluT1 predominates in the cerebral cortices and hippocampus, whereas VGluT2 expression is predominant in the diencephalon, brainstem, and spinal cord (Fremeau et al, 2001;Herzog et al, 2001;Wojcik et al, 2004). However, none of these brain regions exclusively expresses one isoform.…”

Section: Saturation Of Vglut1-and Vgat-immunopositive Synaptic Densitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of saturation processes in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse densities during long-term development of cultured rat cortical networks

2013

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The aim of this study was to clarify the saturation processes of excitatory and inhibitory synapse densities during the long-term development of cultured neuronal networks. For this purpose, we performed a long-term culture of rat cortical cells for 35 days in vitro (DIV). During this culture period, we labeled glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses separately using antibodies against vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1) and vesicular transporter of -aminobutyric acid (VGAT). The densities and distributions of both types of synaptic terminals were measured simultaneously. Observations and subsequent measurements of immunofluorescence demonstrated that the densities of both types of antibody-labeled terminals increased gradually from 7 to 21-28 DIV. The densities did not show a further increase at 35 DIV and tended to become saturated.Triple staining with VGluT1, VGAT, and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) enabled analysis of the distribution of both types of synapses, and revealed that the densities of the two types of synaptic terminals on somata were not significantly different, but that glutamatergic synapses predominated on the dendrites during long-term culture.However, some neurons did not fall within this distribution, suggesting differences in synapse distribution on target neurons. The electrical activity also showed an initial increase and subsequent saturation of the firing rate and synchronized burst rate during long-term culture, and the number of days of culture to saturation from the initial increase followed the same pattern under this culture condition.

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“…Existence of VGLUT3-mRNA was repeatedly reported to be absent from the thalamus, and there are some controversial descriptions for the hypothalamus and ventral pallidum (Fremeau et al, 2002;Herzog et al, 2004;Schäfer et al, 2002). The thalamic afferents are probably represented by VGLUT2-ir as all thalamic subnuclei projecting to the LS express VGLUT2-ir and -mRNA (Fremeau et al, 2001;Herzog et al, 2001;Hur and Zaborszky, 2005;Kaneko et al, 2002;Moga et al, 1995;Staiger and Nürnberger, 1989). It remains to be elucidated whether the different VGLUT2-labeling pattern, i.e.…”

Section: Coincidence Of Vglut3-ir With Markers That Define Major Neurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vesicular glutamate transporter 3-immunoreactive pericellular baskets ensheath a distinct population of neurons in the lateral septum

Riedel

Westerholz

Braun

et al. 2008

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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The lateral septum (LS) plays a role in the adjustment of behavioral responses according to environmental demands. This is a complex integrative process wherein a variety of modulatory systems, i.e. cholinergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic projections forming pericellular baskets around LS neurons, are involved.Recently, vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3)-immunoreactive (-ir) structures outlining unlabeled somata and their proximal dendrites were described in the LS. However, the vesicular transporters for acetylcholine and GABA were not or only rarely co-expressed with VGLUT3.In this study, the morphology and distribution of these VGLUT3-ir structures were systematically analyzed revealing that (1) they form distinct pericellular baskets (PBs) displaying variable shapes, (2) they are arranged in a layer-like pattern similar to the terminals of other modulatory systems, (3) beside a few exceptions (e.g., choline acetyltransferase), they are generally not or very sparsely colocalized with other neurochemical markers characterizing major neuron populations or afferent systems of the LS, i.e. calcium-binding proteins, tyrosine hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase, vesicular glutamate transporters 1 (VGLUT1) and 2 (VGLUT2) and the vesicular GABA transporter.Thus, in the LS, a separate population of neurons is covered by VGLUT3-ir PBs. The distribution pattern and the lack of co-localization indicate that the VGLUT3-expressing cells of origin are located in the brainstem and that they could be pure glutamatergic projection neurons-different from the well-defined canonical VGLUT1-and VGLUT2-expressing neurons. Alternatively, they could

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The Expression of Vesicular Glutamate Transporters Defines Two Classes of Excitatory Synapse

Cited by 1,129 publications

References 52 publications

Increased Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behavior of Mice with Decreased Expression of VGLUT1

Increased Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behavior of Mice with Decreased Expression of VGLUT1

Measurement of saturation processes in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse densities during long-term development of cultured rat cortical networks

Vesicular glutamate transporter 3-immunoreactive pericellular baskets ensheath a distinct population of neurons in the lateral septum

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