The expression of human testis‐specific actin capping protein predicts in vitro fertilization outcomes: A novel biomarker of sperm function for assisted reproductive technology

Abstract

Up to 15% of couples wishing to conceive are infertile. 1 The popularity of assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), has increased as more of these techniques have been developed.Approximately 50% of the causes of infertility are on the male side. The majority of male infertility cases are caused by spermatogenesis dysfunction, although the reasons for the dysfunction are only known in half of the cases. 2 Tests for male infertility

Protamine 2 Deficiency Results In Septin 12 Abnormalities

“…In relevance to the modified status of the cytoskeleton in response to Protamine 2 depletion, a significant increase in the abundance of β-actin was detected in Prm2 -/- sperm lysate. The β-actin and its capping proteins are known to be abnormally regulated in patients with oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia (Inagaki et al, 2021) and an abnormal regulation of testis-specific actin capping protein CPβ3 was described in subfertile patients (Soda et al, 2017). Moreover, the expression of F-actin-capping protein subunit beta (CAPZB) and Tektin 2 were significantly decreased in patients with low sperm motility, being supported by knowledge that CAPZB causes actin depolymerization meanwhile, tektins provide stability to axonemal microtubules, making these two proteins key factors in sperm motility (Xiong et al, 2018).…”

Whole transcriptome analysis to identify non-coding RNA regulators and hub genes in sperm of non-obstructive azoospermia by microarray, single-cell RNA sequencing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA interaction analysis

“…Actin filaments are found in certain locations of spermatogenic cells and are controlled by various actin-binding proteins [ 63 ]. One of the crucial actins regulating proteins is actin capping protein, and recent research found that testis-specific actin capping protein may impact male infertility [ 64 , 65 ]. Actin filaments are involved in several critical stages of spermatogenesis, including acrosome biogenesis, flagellum creation, nuclear processes, and complex synaptonemal formation [ 66 , 67 ].…”