The Exploitation of Carnivores and Other Fur‐bearing Mammals during the North‐western European Late and Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic

Charles, Ruth

doi:10.1111/1468-0092.00040

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…In this area, these changes are characterized by the presence of small game animals in the archaeological assemblages, whereas in other regions large mammals or medium game preys are more abundant (Charles 1997;Strauss 2006). Zooarchaeological studies reveal a clear economic change in relation to subsistence that shows its peak during the end of this chronological frame (Aura et al 2002;Villaverde et al 1996;Hockett and Haws 2003;Jones 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small preys and plant exploitation by late pleistocene hunter–gatherers. A case study from the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula

Allué

Ibáñez

Saladié

et al. 2010

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The aim of this paper is to explain the subsistence strategies of late hunter-gatherers from the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula on the basis of zooarchaeological and archaeobotanical records. The study is based on the Molí del Salt archaeological site which has yielded an Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sequence. Each of the disciplines shows us a various type of assemblage to approach the same problem. Archaeobotanical materials, including charcoal and seeds provide data on the strategies related to firewood gathering and vegetal food supply, which was a basic subsistence resource for these groups. The archaeobotanical assemblage is mainly formed by conifers, but other species related to edible plants are also important. Bone assemblage, mainly formed by Oryctolagus cuniculus, show how hunting and meat processing is highly related. The environmental constraints as well as mobility are discussed in order to achieve an ampler knowledge on human activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small preys and plant exploitation by late pleistocene hunter–gatherers. A case study from the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula

Allué

Ibáñez

Saladié

et al. 2010

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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“…Charles 1997). Evidence for frequent hafting at the site may relate to the construction of composite points or barbs similar to those recreated experimentally (Crombé et al 2001), whereas the impact blows identified by Yaroshevich (pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

TA 30 - Archaeological Science Under a Microscope : Studies in Residue and Ancient DNA Analysis in Honour of Thomas H. Loy

Haslam¹,

Kirkwood²,

Robertson³

et al. 2009

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terra australis 30Terra Australis reports the results of archaeological and related research within the south and east of Asia, though mainly Australia, New Guinea and island Melanesia -lands that remained terra australis incognita to generations of prehistorians. Its subject is the settlement of the diverse environments in this isolated quarter of the globe by peoples who have maintained their discrete and traditional ways of life into the recent recorded or remembered past and at times into the observable present.Since the beginning of the series, the basic colour on the spine and cover has distinguished the regional distribution of topics as follows: ochre for Australia, green for New Guinea, red for South-East Asia and blue for the Pacific Islands. From 2001, issues with a gold spine will include conference proceedings, edited papers and monographs which in topic or desired format do not fit easily within the original arrangements. All volumes are numbered within the same series. List of volumes in Terra AustralisVolume 1: Burrill Lake and Currarong: Coastal Sites in Southern New South Wales. R.J. Lampert (1971) Volume 2: Ol Tumbuna: Archaeological Excavations in the Eastern Central Highlands, Papua New Guinea. J.P. White (1972) Volume 3 The genesis of this collection was a symposium held to honour Tom's memory on 19 August 2006 at the University of Queensland, Brisbane, where he was Senior Lecturer in the School of Social Science. Papers delivered at that event have been augmented with invited contributions from colleagues not able to be present on the day. The symposium was memorable for the breadth of research presented (from residues on the tools of Homo floresiensis to the DNA of Henry VIII's warship) as well as for a stone knapping demonstration and discussion by Colin Saltmere of the Dugalunji Aboriginal Corporation, with whom Tom had established a strong friendship through his final field project near Camooweal in northwest Queensland. Following Tom's lead, many of the presentations recognised the responsibilities we as archaeologists bear towards both the past and present people that we deal with, a responsibility that requires vigilance in getting our stories straight. That recognition continues in the pages that follow. The central theme of this volume lies in using the detailed information recovered from microscopic and molecular archaeology to tell the most accurate stories we can about the human past, and doing so in a manner that encourages never-ending inquiry about the further avenues we may follow.Beginning with a reproduction of the keynote address given by Richard Fullagar at the symposium, the volume is divided into two main sections. The first is titled 'Principles: synthesis, classification and experiment' and includes overviews and experimental or collection-based studies that aim to strengthen the fields of microscopic residue and ancient DNA analysis by examining the underlying principles on which these disciplines operate. In soliciting papers, the editors aimed to present ...

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“…The main difference in relation to the classical predator-prey system is that, due to high adaptability and opportunistic behavior characterizing human survival strategies (Charles, 1997;Miotti & Salemme, 1999;Kusimba, 1999), the model does not include a parameter generating increased human mortality as prey becomes rare (because hunters can simply target another prey, e.g., a small-bodied one, or increase vegetal food ingestion). For simulations, I followed Alroy (2001) and evaluated the dynamics of 41 prey species (Table 1), hunted by a small initial population of 100 humans that had arrived in North America and started to grow at the relatively small rate of 2% a year (r = 0.02).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroecological analyses support an overkill scenario for late Pleistocene extinctions

Diniz‐Filho

2004

Braz. J. Biol.

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The extinction of megafauna at the end of Pleistocene has been traditionally explained by environmental changes or overexploitation by human hunting (overkill). Despite difficulties in choosing between these alternative (and not mutually exclusive) scenarios, the plausibility of the overkill hypothesis can be established by ecological models of predator-prey interactions. In this paper, I have developed a macroecological model for the overkill hypothesis, in which prey population dynamic parameters, including abundance, geographic extent, and food supply for hunters, were derived from empirical allometric relationships with body mass. The last output correctly predicts the final destiny (survival or extinction) for 73% of the species considered, a value only slightly smaller than those obtained by more complex models based on detailed archaeological and ecological data for each species. This illustrates the high selectivity of Pleistocene extinction in relation to body mass and confers more plausibility on the overkill scenario.Key words: overkill, macroecology, Pleistocene, extinction, hunter-gatherers. RESUMO Análises macroecológicas apoiam o cenário de sobreexploração para as extinções do final do PleistocenoA extinção da megafauna no final do Pleistoceno tem sido tradicionalmente explicada por grandes mudanças climáticas ou pelo efeito de "sobreexploração" por parte dos primeiros caçadores (overkill). Apesar das dificuldades e controvérsias na distinção desses dois cenários não mutuamente exclusivos, a plausibilidade do cenário de sobreexploração pode ser avaliada por modelos de interação predadorpresa. Neste estudo, demonstrou-se como um modelo macroecológico determinístico (isto é, utilizando parâmetros derivados de relações alométricas para diferentes espécies pode ser utilizado para avaliar a dinâmica das presas potenciais dos primeiros caçadores na América. Esse modelo previu corretamente o destino de 73% das espécies, valor apenas pouco inferior ao obtido por outros modelos mais complexos para o cenário. Isso ilustra a elevada seletividade do cenário de sobreexploração em relação ao tamanho do corpo e sua plausibilidade como explicação para as extinções da megafauna no final do Pleistoceno.

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The Exploitation of Carnivores and Other Fur‐bearing Mammals during the North‐western European Late and Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Small preys and plant exploitation by late pleistocene hunter–gatherers. A case study from the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula

Small preys and plant exploitation by late pleistocene hunter–gatherers. A case study from the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula

TA 30 - Archaeological Science Under a Microscope : Studies in Residue and Ancient DNA Analysis in Honour of Thomas H. Loy

Macroecological analyses support an overkill scenario for late Pleistocene extinctions

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