The Explanations People Give for Going to Bed Late: A Qualitative Study of the Varieties of Bedtime Procrastination

Nauts, Sanne; Kamphorst, Bart A.; Stut, Wim; Ridder, Denise T. D. de; Anderson, Joel

doi:10.1080/15402002.2018.1491850

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…1 Some studies have indicated that BP is most likely to occur because of mindless delay, characterized by losing track of time due to immersive activities before sleeping (eg using electronic media). 5 Therefore, BP may be associated with a variety of time-related variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Perspective and Bedtime Procrastination: The Role of the Chronotype–Time Perspective Relationship

Meng¹,

Zhao²,

Guo³

et al. 2021

NSS

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Introduction: Bedtime procrastination (BP) has a close relationship with one's chronotype, from a biological perspective on time. However, it remains unknown whether there is an association between BP and psychological time. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between time perspective (TP) and BP and the effect of TP on the relationship between BP and chronotype by examining a sample of college students pre-and post-COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: A total of 628 Chinese students (267 in pre-outbreak and 361 in post-outbreak) validly completed the Chinese version of the Bedtime Procrastination Scale, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Results: Students with more BP behaviors exhibited greater deviation from a balanced TP, especially after the COVID-19 outbreak. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the pastnegative and future orientations, as operationalized by the ZTPI, contributed independently to BP behaviors. The structural equation modeling analyses further demonstrated that morningness was significantly related to a more future-oriented TP, which in turn decreased BP in pre-and post-COVID-19 outbreak samples, while morningness was associated with a less past-negativeoriented TP, which in turn decreased BP only in the post-COVID-19 outbreak sample. Conclusion:This study indicated that TP in students with BP predominantly focused on future orientation and that TP can mediate the relationship between chronotype and BP behaviors. However, the COVID-19 pandemic may disrupt the time flow and change the role of chronotype-TP in BP. These findings explain how individual differences in TP are associated with BP, which may be helpful in designing effective interventions to avoid BP, from the viewpoint of time perspective therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Perspective and Bedtime Procrastination: The Role of the Chronotype–Time Perspective Relationship

Meng¹,

Zhao²,

Guo³

et al. 2021

NSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It seems that the individuals in the latter group may interpret being already in bed as having accomplished their sleeping goals (e.g., to sleep 8 h per night). A recent qualitative study [68] has provided some insight on the explanations people provide for delaying going to bed. Particularly, deliberate procrastination, when the delay is intentional and often associated with the completion of tasks (e.g., cleaning); mindless procrastination, when the delay is the result of distraction and inattention (e.g., engaged in an immersive activity); and strategic delay, when the delay is associated with the belief that individuals will fail to fall asleep if they go to bed earlier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Exploratory Study on Sleep Procrastination: Bedtime vs. While-in-Bed Procrastination

Magalhães

Cruz

Teixeira

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Sleep Procrastination literature has focused on the behaviors individuals engage in before going to bed (Bedtime Procrastination) but not on the behaviors individuals engage in after going to bed (While-in-Bed Procrastination). The main goal of this study is to explore whether this While-in-Bed procrastination is a novel phenomenon that adds to the Sleep Procrastination literature. The study was conducted online with 400 high school students (Mage = 16.56; 139 males) recruited through personal contacts and social media. The Bedtime procrastination scale was adapted and validated for this sample, whereas the While-in-Bed Procrastination scale was developed for this study. Data show a low correlation (r = 0.158 **) between Bedtime and While-in-Bed Procrastination scales, suggesting that Sleep Procrastination may be composed of the two facets. Additionally, results showed that more Bedtime Procrastination was related to later waking time and later dinnertime hours, whereas more While-in-Bed Procrastination was linked to being male, later desired time to sleep, and earlier dinnertime hour. Findings indicate that solely assessing Bedtime Procrastination as representing the procrastination of Sleep is limited and overlooks a significant part of this behavior. This exploratory study adds a new perspective to the literature by stressing the role of While-in-Bed Procrastination, thus opening new research pathways.

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“…The procrastination-health model suggests that procrastination is an important risk factor for poor sleep quality (Sirois, 2007), a viewpoint supported by various empirical studies (e.g., Przepi orka, Błachnio, & Siu, 2019). Researchers have shown that going to bed later than intended due to procrastination significantly predicts poor sleep quality (Kadzikowska-Wrzosek, 2018;Kroese, Evers, Adriaanse, & de Ridder, 2016), with bedtime procrastination surfacing as a key factor underlying sleep deprivation (Exelmans & Van den Bulck, 2016;Kroese et al, 2016;Nauts, Kamphorst, Stut, De Ridder, & Anderson, 2018).…”

Section: The Mediating Role Of Bedtime Procrastinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating effects of rumination and bedtime procrastination on the relationship between Internet addiction and poor sleep quality

You

Mei

et al. 2021

JBA

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Background and aimsNumerous studies have shown that people who have Internet addiction (IA) are more likely to experience poor sleep quality than people who do not. However, few studies have explored mechanisms underlying the relation between IA and poor sleep quality. As a first attempt to address this knowledge gap, a cross-sectional design was applied, and structural equation modeling was used to explore the direct relationship between IA and poor sleep quality, as well as the potential mediating roles of rumination and bedtime procrastination.MethodsA convenience sample, consisting of 1,104 Chinese University students (696 females or 63%), completed an online survey that included the following measures: Young’s 8-item Internet Addiction Diagnosis Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Ruminative Responses Scale, and the Bedtime Procrastination Scale.ResultsWhile the direct path between IA and poor sleep quality was not found to be significant, rumination and bedtime procrastination were each shown to separately mediate the predictive effect of IA on poor sleep quality. However, the greatest level of support was found for the sequential mediating effects of rumination and bedtime procrastination between IA and poor sleep quality.ConclusionWhile rumination and bedtime procrastination were both shown to be important independent mediators for the relation between IA and poor sleep quality, their combined effect was as great as either alone.

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The Explanations People Give for Going to Bed Late: A Qualitative Study of the Varieties of Bedtime Procrastination

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

Time Perspective and Bedtime Procrastination: The Role of the Chronotype–Time Perspective Relationship

Time Perspective and Bedtime Procrastination: The Role of the Chronotype–Time Perspective Relationship

An Exploratory Study on Sleep Procrastination: Bedtime vs. While-in-Bed Procrastination

Mediating effects of rumination and bedtime procrastination on the relationship between Internet addiction and poor sleep quality

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