The experience of time: neural mechanisms and the interplay of emotion, cognition and embodiment

Wittmann, Marc; Wassenhove, Virginie van

doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0025

Cited by 111 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Time encoding is distinguished from other types of sensory encoding in that time is a ubiquitous feature dimension composing all sensory events, yet with no single sensory organ directly dedicated to its encoding (Wittmann and van Wassenhove 2009). Because of this nature, previous attempts at investigating mechanisms of time perception were prone to confounding by other sensory, motor, or executive functions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course

Sohn

Lee

2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Sohn H, Lee SH. Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course. J Neurophysiol 109: 344 -362, 2013. First published October 17, 2012 doi:10.1152/jn.01201.2011.-Our brain is inexorably confronted with a dynamic environment in which it has to fine-tune spatiotemporal representations of incoming sensory stimuli and commit to a decision accordingly. Among those representations needing constant calibration is interval timing, which plays a pivotal role in various cognitive and motor tasks. To investigate how perceived time interval is adjusted by experience, we conducted a human psychophysical experiment using an implicit interval-timing task in which observers responded to an invisible bar drifting at a constant speed. We tracked daily changes in distributions of response times for a range of physical time intervals over multiple days of training with two major types of timing performance, mean accuracy and precision. We found a decoupled dynamics of mean accuracy and precision in terms of their time course and specificity of perceptual learning. Mean accuracy showed feedback-driven instantaneous calibration evidenced by a partial transfer around the time interval trained with feedback, while timing precision exhibited a long-term slow improvement with no evident specificity. We found that a Bayesian observer model, in which a subjective time interval is determined jointly by a prior and likelihood function for timing, captures the dissociative temporal dynamics of the two types of timing measures simultaneously. Finally, the model suggested that the width of the prior, not the likelihoods, gradually shrinks over sessions, substantiating the important role of prior knowledge in perceptual learning of interval timing. time perception; perceptual learning; mean accuracy and precision; Bayesian observer model; prior and likelihood TO ACT ON OBJECTS in an ever-changing and noisy environment, our brain has to dynamically calibrate its spatiotemporal representations of the objects by interacting with the environment.

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Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course

Sohn

Lee

2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…You cannot point your finger at a "duration object" as you can at a house or a sound source, still time can be experienced when you wait for something to happen or to end. It can also be experienced in more subtle ways when you perform or listen to music [12]. To perceive time, we don't have any specific organ.…”

Section: Visualizing Biofeedback Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal relations in affective health

Vaara

Silvăşan

Ståhl

et al. 2010

Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries

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“…This is because AI approaches result in compact implementations, meaning that TC will operate as a rather separate module of the overall cognitive system, being minimally affected by other cognitive processes. Clearly, such a module for experiencing, representing and processing time can hardly parallelize with the known TC brain processes where there is no time-dedicated region and timeexperiencing emerges from the interaction of sensory, motor, cognitive, and emotional modalities (Wittmann & van Wassenhove, 2009). Moreover, the use of clocks, is only one aspect of time processing that does not guarantee TC capacity (in fact, humans develop TC before being capable to use clocks, while animals that also perceive and process time cannot of course use clocks at all!).…”

Section: Implementing Artifi Cial Temporal Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International studies in time perspective

Paixão¹,

Silva²,

Ortuño³

et al. 2013

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Being the first, we hope it to be a milestone in highlighting the effort spent by different psychological approaches to understand the role played by time concepts in individual, group, and organizational development .The Conference was jointly organized by the "Instituto de Psicologia Cognitiva, Desenvolvimento Vocacional e Social" (Institute for Cognitive Psychology, Vocational and Social Development), a R & D unit based at the University of Coimbra, and the "Groupe de Recherche en Psycologie Sociale -GrePS", a R&D unit based at the University of Lyon, France . It was hosted by the Faculty of Psychology and Education of the University of Coimbra (Portugal), the oldest University in Portugal (its foundation goes back to 1290), and an institution for which the notions of a rich past history and future strategic planning constitute the cornerstones of today's concerns . In a moment in time where the past, the present and the future are intensively invested with meaning and intention, researchers coming from all over the world reflected on how time perspectives impact on our lives, from our more proximal to our most distal socio-ecological contexts . It reunited more than 300 participants coming from 42 countries spread all over the 5 continents .During three intense but exciting days, senior and junior researchers exchanged and questioned emerging and well established concepts, reflecting upon diverse and joint projects, and prepared the path for future developments .We can undoubtedly say that the organization of this conference was a timely one, once there has lately been a renewed interest, as well as a series of academic initiatives, dedicated to the understanding of specific aspects of individual, group, and social behavior through the study of its core temporal dimensions .The study of subjective temporality or Time Perspective (TP) has been going on since K . Lewin defined it as "the totality of the individual's view of his psychological future and psychological past existing at a given time" (1951, p . 75), and it has encompassed several topics in various psychological domains . The chapters that are included in this book are a good illustration of the multifaceted focus on the research of subjective time in the psychological science . Taking this diversity into account, the editors opted to organize the contributions into six parts, corresponding to the following broad scientific domains:Part 1 -Time Perspective and human development: adaptive functioning and risk behaviors across the life-span . This part includes 8 chapters presenting the role played by TP, both in the normative developmental path from birth to death and in more deviant patterns of behavioral functioning in childhood, adolescence and adulthood . 0Part 2 -The relationships of personality and affective processes with Time Perspective, includes 4 chapters that address the relations among psychological personality traits and more dynamic affective processes with several subjective temporality dimensions .Part 3 -Time Perspective, health an...

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The experience of time: neural mechanisms and the interplay of emotion, cognition and embodiment

Cited by 111 publications

References 31 publications

Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course

Dichotomy in perceptual learning of interval timing: calibration of mean accuracy and precision differ in specificity and time course

Temporal relations in affective health

International studies in time perspective

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