The Experience and Psychological Impact of ‘Troubles’ related Trauma in Northern Ireland

Ferry, Finola; Bolton, David; Bunting, Brendan; O’Neill, Siobhan; Murphy, Sam

doi:10.1080/03033910.2010.10446328

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To date, literature has underscored a variety of negative consequences of past and ongoing violent conflicts. Both veterans and civilians have been found to experience trauma and mental health disorders including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation, psychological distress, anxiety, addictions as well as psychopathological and neuropsychological deficits (Cairns & Darby, 1998; Cairns et al, 1995; Dieter & Engel, 2019; Ferry et al, 2010; McLafferty et al, 2016; Rozanov et al, 2019; Turnip et al, 2010). Individuals from countries engulfed in violent conflicts also tend to suffer from high levels of physical and communicable diseases (Hoeffler, 2008; Maia et al, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and depression as pathways between violent conflict exposure and moral beliefs: Why people sometimes condone “bad” things.

Timmer¹,

Johnson²,

Antonaccio³

et al. 2022

Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology

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Sometimes nations at war have the support of their citizens, at other times, civilians with little tolerance for human casualties and violence demand peaceful solutions. This study examines why moral attitudes can erode during violent conflicts and what factors may explain how it happens. Using a random sample of civilians in a vulnerable lower- and middle-income country, Ukraine, we explore the consequences of exposure to a prolonged war. Specifically, we assess the relationship between vicarious war exposure and moral beliefs about violence subsequently including daily stressors and depressive symptoms as potential pathways between them. We find that civilians who report more vicarious exposure to an ongoing war are less likely to disapprove of violence. Daily stressors and depression further serve as important pathways linking war exposure to moral beliefs about violence. Our study illustrates the need for appropriate mental health services, stress management, and other critical interventions to help populations experiencing war and other traumatic occurrences. It also suggests that future studies should pay particular attention to how vital life events affect individual beliefs and attitudes.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and depression as pathways between violent conflict exposure and moral beliefs: Why people sometimes condone “bad” things.

Timmer¹,

Johnson²,

Antonaccio³

et al. 2022

Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology

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“…About 3% of the adult population in England, for example, has PTSD at any one time (McManus, Meltzer, Brugha, Bebbington, & Jenkins, 2009). Lifetime prevalence is between 1.9% (Alonso, Angermeyer, & Lépine, 2014) and 8.8% (Ferry et al, 2010), but this rate doubles in populations affected by conflict (Steel et al, 2009) and reaches more than 23% in survivors after an earthquake (Dai et al, 2016). Adolescents are more vulnerable to suffering from mental illness, such as PTSD, after an earthquake than adults because of their less mature cognitive capacities and lower level of adaptability (Maeda, Kato, & Maruoka, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of DRD2, 5-HTTLPR, and 5-HTTVNTR Gene Polymorphisms With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Tibetan Adolescents: A Case–Control Study

Xiao

Liu

et al. 2019

Biological Research For Nursing

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Background: Earthquake exposure is a source of stress, yet only a minority of survivors experience clinically meaningful disturbance in psychological function. Genetic epidemiological research has found that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are associated with genetic factors. Further research to reveal which genetic loci relate to the development of PTSD is warranted. Method: We investigated the relationships between PTSD and the dopamine D2 receptor ( DRD2) gene Taq I polymorphism and the serotonin transporter gene ( SCL6A4) polymorphisms 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and 5-HTTVNTR in 565 adolescent earthquake survivors. PTSD-positive adolescents were identified using the PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4. Genotypes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction—restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The Pearson χ2 test was used to investigate the differences in genotype and allele frequencies between case and control groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify possible influencing factors for PTSD. Results: The DRD2 Taq I and 5-HTTVNTR polymorphisms had statistically significant effects on PTSD, while 5-HTTLPR did not. Specifically, the DRD2 Taq I A1 allele was highly positively correlated with PTSD, whereas the 10 allele of 5-HTTVNTR was negatively correlated. Conclusions: These data suggest that the DRD2 Taq I and 5-HTTVNTR genotypes moderate sensitivity to stress and the expression of emotional disturbance involving PTSD symptoms. These findings have important implications for PTSD etiology as well as for both primary prevention and treatment strategies.

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“…In Milkman, the author refutes an 'event-based' perusal of trauma and portrays the hardship of finding diction that might enable traumatic experience to be vivid and intelligible (Malone, 2021). Northern Ireland, due to the effects of over 30 years of civil conflict, displays a case of trauma-reality on which an extensive body of literature has come into existence depicting the enervating phenomena experienced during the political unrest (Ferry et al, 2010).…”

Section: Letmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A great many studies have been conducted on the psychological impact of Northern Ireland's "Troubles-related" trauma on the common people, on specific communities and on minor groups (Ferry et al, 2010). The unique nature of the conflict in Burns' country entertained harrowing violence including murder, assassination, assault, ethnic intimidation, bombing and explosion in public gatherings, and street brawls, which obviously engendered some degree of uncanny discomfort and risk for almost everyone living then and there (Ferry et al, 2010).…”

Section: Letmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unstated Rage and Undefined Identity in Anna Burns’ Milkman: A Feminist Post-Structuralist Reading

Hossain

2023

LET

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Northern Irish author, Anna Burns’ Man Booker Prize (2018) winning novel Milkman presents a narrative textured with multifarious considerations ranging from subjectivity, gender, politics, power, language, and religion to anything a reader may logically connect it with. One of its most noticeable features is the narrator’s not explicitly stating the unspeakable rage searing herself and the society as a whole, which is obvious in the syntactic, lexical, intonational and tonal treatments, and her not clearly revealing the identities of the characters. Researcher regard these aspects of the narrative open to myriad interpretations of which I would like to use the feminist post-structuralist view to fathom the novel in its profoundness. I intend to unravel the stereotyped gender and subjectivity features of feminist poststructuralism in the novel, which hinge upon the social mechanism, lived experiences, and language and power relations both directly and indirectly portrayed in the narrative.

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The Experience and Psychological Impact of ‘Troubles’ related Trauma in Northern Ireland

Cited by 6 publications

References 44 publications

Stress and depression as pathways between violent conflict exposure and moral beliefs: Why people sometimes condone “bad” things.

Stress and depression as pathways between violent conflict exposure and moral beliefs: Why people sometimes condone “bad” things.

Association of DRD2, 5-HTTLPR, and 5-HTTVNTR Gene Polymorphisms With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Tibetan Adolescents: A Case–Control Study

Unstated Rage and Undefined Identity in Anna Burns’ Milkman: A Feminist Post-Structuralist Reading

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