The exosome encapsulated microRNAs as circulating diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma with low alpha‐fetoprotein

Abstract

Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging to clinicians, particularly in a patient with low alpha-fetoprotein. Here, in silico, ex vivo and in vitro data were combined to identify liver-specific exosomal miRNAs as an early diagnostic marker for HCC. Transcriptome profiling for mRNA and small RNA in same HCV-HCC and normal liver tissues followed by cross-validation of 41 deregulated miRNAs (log 2 FoldChange > 1.5, P adj < .1) with GEO/TCGA datasets of HCV/HBV related HCC vs normal/adjacent tissue revealed three miRNAs were commonly deregulated (miR-10b/miR-21/miR-182) among all HCC irrespective of viral etiology. Targets of top deregulated miRNAs were identified by TargetScan/miRwalk and validated in mRNA transcriptome data followed by Panther/Gene Ontology enrichment/Cytoscape analysis suggested that targets were mostly from carcinogenesis pathways. Hence, those

Construction of a Myc-associated ceRNA network reveals a prognostic signature in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…The ceRNA network illustrates that hsa-miR-212-3p may promote cancer cell migration and invasion. 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 …”

Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs: Regulatory and Therapeutic Target of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…ROC curve confirms that compared to the full-length transcript of RN7SL1 (AUC = 0.75), the S fragment of serum RN7SL1 is a better diagnostic marker for HCC (AUC = 0.87) (136). Ghosh et al (137) validate that the expression level of miR-21-5p/miR-10b-5p/miR-221-3p/miR-223-3p in serum exosomes of HCC patients are significantly higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis. The combination of miR-21-5p+miR-10b-5p+miR-221-3p+miR-223-3p can be used to distinguish HCC from chronic hepatitis and chronic hepatitis + liver cirrhosis (AUC = 0.86).…”

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Disease Progression and Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…In another study, Ghosh et al identified four miRNAs, miR-10b-5p , miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p , and miR-223-3p , in liver-specific asialoglycoprotein receptor 2 + (ASGR2) + EVs for HCC diagnosis. The combination of these four miRNAs exhibited good diagnostic power among patients with low AFP expression (<250 ng/mL), with an AUC of 0.80 [ 115 ]. Although Sohn et al showed that clusters of miRNAs ( miR-18a , miR-221 , miR-222 , miR-224 , miR-101 , miR-106b , miR-122 , and miR-195 ) were differentially expressed among patients with chronic hepatitis B, cirrhosis and patients with HCC, no further analysis using ROC was performed to determine their diagnostic performance [ 116 ].…”