The Evidence on Globalisation

Abstract

Globalisation is blamed for many socioeconomic shortcomings. I discuss the consequences of globalisation by surveying the empirical globalisation literature. My focus is on the KOF indices of globalisation that have been used in more than 100 studies. Early studies using the KOF index reported correlations between globalisation and several outcome variables. Studies published more recently identify causal effects. The evidence shows that globalisation has spurred economic growth, promoted gender equality and improved human rights. Moreover, globalisation did not erode welfare state activities, did not have any significant effect on labour market interaction and hardly influenced market deregulation. It increased, however, within‐country income inequality. The consequences of globalisation thus turn out to be overall much more favourable than often conjectured in the public discourse.

The effects of globalization on Ecological Footprints: an empirical analysis

“…None of those framed the study of globalization in terms of ecological sustainability and/or sustainable development. A review study by Potrafke (2014) has shown that globalization has positive effects on economic growth, human development, gender equality, women's rights and physical integrity rights. However, also negative effects were revealed as globalization has been shown to increase within-country income inequality, especially in developing countries (Potrafke 2014).…”

“…A review study by Potrafke (2014) has shown that globalization has positive effects on economic growth, human development, gender equality, women's rights and physical integrity rights. However, also negative effects were revealed as globalization has been shown to increase within-country income inequality, especially in developing countries (Potrafke 2014). The review study does not discuss the ecological consequences or effects of globalization which is due to the absence of articles on those issues.…”

Globalization and social justice in OECD countries

“…The KOF index explicitly acknowledges that globalization is a multifaceted concept that cannot be entirely captured by an individual "representative" economic indicator such as international trade as a share of GDP, the volume or stock of received foreign direct investments per capita, or the severity of capital account restrictions. The KOF index (see Dreher 2006b, Dreher et al 2008a represents an attempt to measure globalization in the broad sense that has been accepted in the empirical literature (see Potrafke 2014). 13 The 2013 KOF index covers 207 countries, includes 23 variables, and portrays the economic, social, and political dimensions of globalization.…”

Cosmopolitismo feminista contra globalización

“…Si bien las organizaciones internacionales suelen afirmar que la globalización ha mejorado la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres (Potrafke 2015), no es menos cierto que los datos mundiales constatan que ha empeorado la justicia social y económica de muchos (Milanovic 2016). Desde nuestra perspectiva esto nos resulta contradictorio, y alienta una interpretación, que no compartimos, en la línea de dividir o separar la justicia social de la igualdad.…”