The evaluation of serum tryptophan and kynurenine levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

İriz, Ayşe; Şemsi, Rabia; Eser, Burcu; Arslan, Burak; Dinçel, Aylin Sepici

doi:10.1007/s11325-020-02250-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The significant change in the overnight dynamics of Trp and Kyn shown in our current study has not been demonstrated previously. The morning fasting serum levels of Kyn and Trp have been investigated in obstructive sleep apnea, but no significant differences between OSA and controls were found 29 . This further underlines the importance of assessing the levels of potential pathophysiological biomarkers in OSA at different time points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of obstructive sleep apnea on peripheral blood amino acid and biogenic amine metabolome at multiple time points overnight

Kiens

Taalberg

Иванова

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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There are no clinical studies that have investigated the differences in blood serum metabolome between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and controls. In a single-center prospective observational study, we compared metabolomic profiles in the serum of OSA patients with apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15/h and control individuals. Peripheral blood was obtained at 3 different time points overnight: 9:00 p.m.; 5:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m. We used a targeted approach for detecting amino acids and biogenic amines and analyzed the data with ranked general linear model for repeated measures. We recruited 31 patients with moderate-to-severe OSA and 32 controls. Significant elevations in median concentrations of alanine, proline and kynurenine in OSA patients compared to controls were detected. Significant changes in the overnight dynamics of serum concentrations occurred in OSA: glutamine, serine, threonine, tryptophan, kynurenine and glycine levels increased, whereas a fall occurred in the same biomarker levels in controls. Phenylalanine and proline levels decreased slightly, compared to a steeper fall in controls. The study indicates that serum profiles of amino acid and biogenic amines are significantly altered in patients with OSA referring to vast pathophysiologic shifts reflected in the systemic metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of obstructive sleep apnea on peripheral blood amino acid and biogenic amine metabolome at multiple time points overnight

Kiens

Taalberg

Иванова

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The interaction between tryptophan metabolism and such diseases remains to be further elucidated. For example, in the case of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) there are some interesting papers regarding the relationship between tryptophan metabolism and OSA [119,120]. However, further research is needed to establish potential correlations and underlying mechanisms.…”

Section: Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Tryptophan Metabolism, the Gut Microbiome and the Immune System as Potential Drivers of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Metabolic Diseases

2022

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The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing and therefore is its burden of disease as NALFD is a risk factor for cirrhosis and is associated with other metabolic conditions such as type II diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis. Linking these cardiometabolic diseases is a state of low-grade inflammation, with higher cytokines and c-reactive protein levels found in individuals with NAFLD, obesity and type II diabetes. A possible therapeutic target to decrease this state of low-grade inflammation is the metabolism of the essential amino-acid tryptophan. Its three main metabolic pathways (kynurenine pathway, indole pathway and serotonin/melatonin pathway) result in metabolites such as kynurenic acid, xanturenic acid, indole-3-propionic acid and serotonin/melatonin. The kynurenine pathway is regulated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme that is upregulated by pro-inflammatory molecules such as INF, IL-6 and LPS. Higher activity of IDO is associated with increased inflammation and fibrosis in NAFLD, as well with increased glucose levels, obesity and atherosclerosis. On the other hand, increased concentrations of the indole pathway metabolites, regulated by the gut microbiome, seem to result in more favorable outcomes. This narrative review summarizes the interactions between tryptophan metabolism, the gut microbiome and the immune system as potential drivers of cardiometabolic diseases in NAFLD.

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“…Recurrent episodes of hypoxia‐reoxygenation are associated with high levels of pro‐inflammatory markers, including tryptophan and kynurenine. In addition, determining the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio can provide information about the course of chronic diseases 25 . OSAS patients diagnosed at a late stage are associated with neurocognitive impairment, a well‐recognized public health concern 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, determining the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio can provide information about the course of chronic diseases. 25 OSAS patients diagnosed at a late stage are associated with neurocognitive impairment, a well‐recognized public health concern. 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and neurofilament light chain levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Arslan

Şemsi

İriz

et al. 2021

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives This study aimed to compare serum levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurofilament light (NfL) chain in normal individuals and patients with mild and moderate‐severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods We enrolled 81 subjects referred to Otorhinolaryngology (Ear‐Nose‐Throat), Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, between 2017 and 2019. Based on the severity of OSAS, patients were divided into three groups: group 1 with mild OSAS (apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI] 5‐15; n = 26), group 2 with moderate‐severe OSAS (AHI > 15; n = 32), and group 3 with normal individuals (AHI scores < 5; n = 23). Results Serum NfL and BDNF levels were evaluated together with the clinical data for all subjects. Significant differences were seen in the oxygen desaturation index (ODI), apnea index, hypopnea index, sleep efficiency, and NfL levels (P < .05) between the three groups. In the moderate‐severe group, NfL levels showed a significant positive correlation with apnea index (P < .05, r = .389), hypopnea index (P < .05, r = .455), and ODI (P = .04; r = .362). Conclusions Our findings clarify the pathophysiology of OSAS in cases of repetitive hypoxia and chronic neuronal damage. Based on our results, we recommend that in addition to BDNF, NfL should also be evaluated in different and larger patient cohorts.

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The evaluation of serum tryptophan and kynurenine levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

The effect of obstructive sleep apnea on peripheral blood amino acid and biogenic amine metabolome at multiple time points overnight

The effect of obstructive sleep apnea on peripheral blood amino acid and biogenic amine metabolome at multiple time points overnight

Interactions between Tryptophan Metabolism, the Gut Microbiome and the Immune System as Potential Drivers of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Metabolic Diseases

The evaluation of serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and neurofilament light chain levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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