The evaluation of prepared microgroove pattern by femtosecond laser on alumina-zirconia nano-composite for endosseous dental implant application

Abstract

Ceramic dental materials, especially alumina (20 %vol)-yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia poly crystal (A-Y-TZP20), have been considered as alternatives to metals for endosseous dental implant application. For increasing the bone-to-implant contact as well as the speed of bone formation, a new surface modification can be effective. The aim of this study was to design microgroove patterns by femtosecond laser on A-Y-TZP20 nano-composite disks for endosseous dental implant application. The phase composition and the morphology of the A-Y-TZP20 nano-composite samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. Statistical analysis was submitted to Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Student's t test for independent variables, with a 5 % significance level. EDAX analysis revealed a significant decrease in the relative content of contaminants like carbon (p < 0.05) in laser surface-treated group as compared to non surface-treated group. X-ray diffraction did not show any change in the crystalline structure induced by laser processing. It was concluded that the femtosecond laser is a clean and safe method for surface modification of A-Y-TZP20.

Femtosecond laser microstructuring of alumina toughened zirconia for surface functionalization of dental implants

“…Aivazi et al also observed this on their experiments with alumina (20 %vol)-yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia poly crystal (A-Y-TZP20). The same fraction of monoclinic zirconia was found on the non-treated and laser treated specimens, concluding that the femtosecond laser did not alter the crystal structure of the ceramic [33].…”

“…Some authors have performed extensive material characterization on hard ceramics modified by femtosecond laser, aiming at dental implants applications [21,33,40]. On Zirconia, Stanciuc et al developed arrays of pits with different spacing, diameter and depth to evaluate human mesenchymal stem cells migration (hMSCs).…”

Current trends of the choice and processing of materials for dental implantation

“…Модификация поверхности имплантатов важна для улучшения их остеоинтеграции [3,12,41,43,45,48,50,51].…”

“…Некоторые методы лазерной обработки композитных материалов -A-Y-TZP20: тетрагональные поликристаллы циркония, стабилизиро-ванные алюминием (20 объемных %)-иттрием -значительно уменьшают содержание загрязнителей, таких как углерод, в поверхностных слоях по сравнению с таковым в конструкциях без воздействия лазером. Изучение изделий методом рентгеновской дифракции не выявило изменений кристаллической структуры, вызванных влиянием лазерной обработки [3].…”

Microstructure and hydrothermal ageing of alumina-zirconia composites modified by laser engraving

“…Femtosecond laser was used to machine dental ceramic implants made of zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) [18], or to induce regular patterns on an alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ) surface [19]. And similarly to what was attempted in monolithic zirconia, laser-modifications of alumina-zirconia composites were used to induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells [20] and favour viability of osteoblast-like cells [21], or to help osseointegration of endosseous dental implants [22]. In addition to the microstructural changes induced in zirconia by the melting/ablation/quenching sequence, alumina-zirconia composites show also chemical changes, as reported by Ackerl et al [18] who reported that "Alumina […] seemed to dissolve approaching the surface".…”